Physics and astrophysics of strange quark matter
Physics and astrophysics of strange quark matter
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bfb0107314
复制
发表时间：
1998-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Madsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Madsen
3-味夸克物质（奇异夸克物质; SQM）在很宽的强相互作用参数范围内可以是稳定的或亚稳定的。如果是这样，SQM可以在宇宙学、中子星、宇宙射线物理和相对论重离子碰撞中发挥重要作用。作为天体物理学与重离子碰撞物理学之间密切联系的一个例子，本章概述了体质量质量模型和小重子数奇异质量模型的物理性质，讨论了质量模型块的可能形成、破坏和影响（夸克块）在早期宇宙;描述了奇异星的结构和特征，以及宇宙射线中奇异星的形成和探测。它的结论是，天体物理和实验室的搜索是互补的，在许多方面，都应该追求测试一个奇怪的强子物质基态的有趣的可能性，并（更一般地），以提高我们的知识强相互作用。
3-flavor quark matter (strange quark matter; SQM) can be stable or metastable for a wide range of strong interaction parameters. If so, SQM can play an important role in cosmology, neutron stars, cosmic ray physics, and relativistic heavy-ion collisions. As an example of the intimate connections between astrophysics and heavy-ion collision physics, this Chapter gives an overview of the physical properties of SQM in bulk and of small-baryon number strangelets; discusses the possible formation, destruction, and implications of lumps of SQM (quark nuggets) in the early Universe; and describes the structure and signature of strange stars, as well as the formation and detection of strangelets in cosmic rays. It is concluded, that astrophysical and laboratory searches are complementary in many respects, and that both should be pursued to test the intriguing possibility of a strange ground state for hadronic matter, and (more generally) to improve our knowledge of the strong interactions.