An Aquaponics Life Cycle Assessment: Evaluating an Inovative Method for Growing Local Fish and Lettuce
An Aquaponics Life Cycle Assessment: Evaluating an Inovative Method for Growing Local Fish and Lettuce
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鱼菜共生生命周期评估：评估种植当地鱼类和生菜的创新方法
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
R. Hollmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Hollmann
在大多数州，所消耗的食物中只有百分之一到百分之二来自方圆一百英里内的来源。粮食生产向工业化全球体系的转变增加了人造肥料、杀虫剂和化石燃料的使用，这对环境、人类健康和当地经济产生了负面影响。积极促进、优化和投资当地粮食系统可以减少社会对工业化粮食生产的依赖。由于气候变化导致粮食产量预计下降、人口增长导致粮食需求增加以及当前农业方法造成的养分污染，当地粮食系统将变得越来越重要。当地粮食生产的好处包括提高粮食安全和主权、改善当地经济、补充营养、保护遗传多样性和培育社区。目前的研究是对当地称为鱼菜共生的食品生产系统的生命周期评估（LCA）。鱼菜共生法将水产养殖和水培法结合在一个循环工程生态系统中，使用最少的资源，产生的废物可以忽略不计。这项研究评估了当地鱼菜共生系统的全球变暖潜势 (GWP)、能源使用 (EU) 和水依赖性 (WD)。然后将这些值与传统农业、水培法和水产养殖的文献研究进行比较。 LCA 发现，鱼菜共生法的生菜产量为 22.02 千克湿重 (WM)/平方米，比传统土壤作物产量 3.90 千克 WM/平方米高 560%，其中水培法的产量最高为 41.00 千克 (WM)/平方米。鱼菜共生的WD比传统农业低，为0.06 m/kg至0.25 m/kg
In most states, only one to two percent of the food consumed comes from a source within one hundred miles. The transition of food production to an industrialized global system has increased the use of artificial fertilizers, pesticides, and fossil-fuels, which negatively affects the environment, human health, and local economies. Actively promoting, optimizing, and investing in local food systems can reduce society’s reliance on industrial food production. Local food systems will become increasingly important due to the projected decreases in food production from climate change, the increasing demand for food due to population growth, and the nutrient pollution from current agriculture methods. Local food production benefits include increased food security and sovereignty, improving local economies, supplementary nutrition, preservation of genetic diversity, and fostering communities. The current study is a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a local food production system known as aquaponics. Aquaponics combines aquaculture and hydroponics in a recirculating engineered ecosystem using minimal resources and generating negligible waste. This research evaluated the global warming potential (GWP), energy use (EU), and water dependency (WD) of a local aquaponics system. These values where then compared with literature studies of traditional agriculture, hydroponics, and aquaculture. The LCA found that aquaponics yielded 22.02 kg wet mass (WM)/m of lettuce production, or 560% higher than traditional soil crop yield of 3.90 kg WM/m where hydroponics had the highest yield of 41.00 kg (WM)/m. Aquaponics had a lower WD than traditional agriculture, 0.06 m/kg to 0.25 m/kg