Intracellular Uptake and Toxicity of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles: A Comparison Between Nanoparticles and their Corresponding Metal Ions
Intracellular Uptake and Toxicity of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles: A Comparison Between Nanoparticles and their Corresponding Metal Ions
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DOI：
10.1002/smll.201201069
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发表时间：
2013-04-08
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Moeller, Lennart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cronholm, Pontus;Karlsson, Hanna L.;Moeller, Lennart
加深对纳米颗粒毒性及其对人类健康影响的了解对于在我们的社会中安全使用纳米颗粒至关重要。本研究的目的是研究特洛伊木马类型机制对 Ag-nano 和 CuO-nano 颗粒及其相应金属离子物质（使用 CuCl2 和 AgNO3）毒性的作用，即固体颗粒在介导细胞摄取和随后细胞内有毒物质释放方面的重要性。使用人肺细胞系 A549 和 BEAS-2B，分别通过台盼蓝染色和彗星测定研究细胞死亡/膜完整性和 DNA 损伤。使用原子吸收光谱法对铜和银的细胞剂量进行化学分析。此外，透射电子显微镜、激光扫描共焦显微镜和共焦拉曼显微镜用于研究细胞摄取和颗粒-细胞相互作用。结果证实，与可溶性盐的不吸收或低吸收相比，CuO-纳米和Ag-纳米的吸收较高。 CuO-nano 会引起细胞死亡和 DNA 损伤，而 CuCl2 不会引起毒性。银的情况则相反，Ag-nano 不会引起任何毒性，而 AgNO3 会诱导高水平的细胞死亡。结论：CuO-纳米的毒性主要是由细胞内摄取和随后铜离子的释放介导的，而Ag-纳米由于短时间内银离子的释放量较低，因此没有观察到毒性。
An increased understanding of nanoparticle toxicity and its impact on human health is essential to enable a safe use of nanoparticles in our society. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of a Trojan horse type mechanism for the toxicity of Ag-nano and CuO-nano particles and their corresponding metal ionic species (using CuCl2 and AgNO3), i.e., the importance of the solid particle to mediate cellular uptake and subsequent release of toxic species inside the cell. The human lung cell lines A549 and BEAS-2B are used and cell death/membrane integrity and DNA damage are investigated by means of trypan blue staining and the comet assay, respectively. Chemical analysis of the cellular dose of copper and silver is performed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and confocal Raman microscopy are employed to study cellular uptake and particle-cell interactions. The results confirm a high uptake of CuO-nano and Ag-nano compared to no, or low, uptake of the soluble salts. CuO-nano induces both cell death and DNA damage whereas CuCl2 induces no toxicity. The opposite is observed for silver, where Ag-nano does not cause any toxicity, whereas AgNO3 induces a high level of cell death. In conclusion: CuO-nano toxicity is predominantly mediated by intracellular uptake and subsequent release of copper ions, whereas no toxicity is observed for Ag-nano due to low release of silver ions within short time periods.