HIV Infection and Microbial Diversity in Saliva
HIV Infection and Microbial Diversity in Saliva
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DOI：
10.1128/jcm.02954-13
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Malamud, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Yihong;Saxena, Deepak;Malamud, Daniel
关于艾滋病毒和随后的抗逆转录病毒治疗对宿主-微生物相互作用的影响的信息有限。本研究的目的是确定唾液微生物组成的10名艾滋病毒血清阳性受试者，前和6个月后的高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART），与10名艾滋病毒血清阴性受试者相比。使用了常规培养和两种培养独立分析，并一致证明了三组样品之间微生物组成的差异。与HIV阴性受试者相比，HIV阳性受试者唾液中的总可培养微生物水平较高，包括口腔链球菌、乳酸杆菌、变形链球菌和念珠菌。总可培养微生物水平与CD 4（+）T细胞计数显著相关。变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE），比较了整体微生物概况，显示出不同的指纹图谱为每组。比较16 S rRNA基因的人类口腔微生物鉴定微阵列（HOMIM）分析显示，三个样本组之间存在明显的分离。韦荣氏球菌，Synergistetes，链球菌存在于所有30个唾液样本。仅观察到奈瑟氏菌属、嗜血杆菌属、双生菌属、纤毛菌属、盐杆菌属、细小单胞菌属和罗氏菌属的患病率发生微小变化或无变化。七个属，二氧化碳嗜纤维菌，斯莱克，卟啉单胞菌，金杆菌属，消化链球菌科，乳杆菌属，和Atopobium，仅在HIV阴性样本中检测到。HAART后梭杆菌属、弯曲杆菌属、普雷沃菌属、二氧化碳噬纤维菌属、月形单胞菌属、放线菌属、颗粒菌属和奇异菌属的检出率升高。相反，HAART后聚集杆菌的患病率显著降低。这项研究的结果表明，HIV感染和HAART可以对唾液微生物定植和组成产生显着影响。
Limited information is available about the effects of HIV and subsequent antiretroviral treatment on host-microbe interactions. This study aimed to determine the salivary microbial composition for 10 HIV-seropositive subjects, before and 6 months after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), compared with that for 10 HIV-seronegative subjects. A conventional culture and two culture-independent analyses were used and consistently demonstrated differences in microbial composition among the three sets of samples. HIV-positive subjects had higher levels of total cultivable microbes, including oral streptococci, lactobacilli, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida, in saliva than did HIV-negative subjects. The total cultivable microbial levels were significantly correlated with CD4(+) T cell counts. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), which compared the overall microbial profiles, showed distinct fingerprinting profiles for each group. The human oral microbe identification microarray (HOMIM) assay, which compared the 16S rRNA genes, showed clear separation among the three sample groups. Veillonella, Synergistetes, and Streptococcus were present in all 30 saliva samples. Only minor changes or no changes in the prevalence of Neisseria, Haemophilus, Gemella, Leptotrichia, Solobacterium, Parvimonas, and Rothia were observed. Seven genera, Capnocytophaga, Slackia, Porphyromonas, Kingella, Peptostreptococcaceae, Lactobacillus, and Atopobium, were detected only in HIVnegative samples. The prevalences of Fusobacterium, Campylobacter, Prevotella, Capnocytophaga, Selenomonas, Actinomyces, Granulicatella, and Atopobium were increased after HAART. In contrast, the prevalence of Aggregatibacter was significantly decreased after HAART. The findings of this study suggest that HIV infection and HAART can have significant effects on salivary microbial colonization and composition.