Age and granite association of skarn W mineralization at Niutangjie district, South China Block

Age and granite association of skarn W mineralization at Niutangjie district, South China Block
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华南地块牛塘街地区矽卡岩W矿化年龄及花岗岩组合

DOI:
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.09.003
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发表时间:
2018-11
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Sotiriou Paul
Sotiriou Paul
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen Xilian;Liang Huaying;Richards Jeremy P.;Huang Wenting;Zhang Jian;Wu Jing;Sotiriou Paul

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南中国地块发育大量的钨锡矿床,大部分与燕山期(侏罗纪-白垩纪)花岗岩有关,少数与广县(中古生代)花岗岩有关,其中最大的是牛塘街矽卡岩钨矿床。牛塘街矿床在空间上与两套花岗岩有关:未矿化的月城岭黑云母花岗岩和二云母花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为427.1 ± 2.9 Ma和427.5 ± 3.5 Ma,而矿化的牛塘街白云母花岗岩的年龄为421.0 ± 1.5 Ma。牛塘街白云母花岗岩锡石与白钨共生的U-Pb年龄为420.8 ± 8.0 Ma,与围岩年龄一致;未成矿黑云母花岗岩的A/CNK值为0.97~1.16,兼具I型花岗岩和S型花岗岩的特征。与未矿化的越城岭黑云母花岗岩相比,矿化的牛塘街白云母花岗岩为A/CNK比值为1.12~1.72的S型花岗岩,具有较高的SiO_2含量和Rb/Sr比值,较低的Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf和K/Rb比值。地球化学差异和锆石Hf同位素组成表明,相对分馏成矿的牛塘街白云母花岗岩是元古界变质岩部分熔融形成的,而未成矿的月城岭黑云母花岗岩则是元古界变质火成岩与元古界变质岩部分熔融形成的。未成矿的月城岭二云母花岗岩与成矿的牛塘街白云母花岗岩具有相似的地球化学特征,但其体积较小,缺乏勘查,这可能是月城岭二云母花岗岩至今未被发现成矿的原因。中生代燕山期矿化花岗岩体积较大,分馏程度较高,与古生代广西花岗岩相比,与其伴生的钨锡矿化丰度较高。
Numerous W-Sn deposits are developed in the South China Block with the majority related to the Yanshanian (Jurassic to Cretaceous) granites; a smaller number of deposits have been found associated with Kwangsian (middle Paleozoic) granites, the largest of which is the Niutangjie skarn W deposit. The Niutangjie deposit is spatially associated with two suites of granites: the unmineralized Yuechengling biotite and two-mica granites have zircon U-Pb ages of 427.1 ± 2.9 Ma and 427.5 ± 3.5 Ma, respectively, whereas the mineralized Niutangjie muscovite granite yields a younger age of 421.0 ± 1.5 Ma. U-Pb dating of cassiterite coexisting with scheelite from the Niutangjie muscovite granite indicates a mineralization age of 420.8 ± 8.0 Ma, consistent with the age of the host rock.The unmineralized Yuechengling biotite granites have A/CNK ratios of 0.97–1.16 and show characteristics of both I-type and S-type granites. In contrast, the mineralized Niutangjie muscovite granites are S-type granites with A/CNK ratios of 1.12–1.72 and have higher SiO2contents and Rb/Sr ratios, and lower Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf, and K/Rb ratios than the unmineralized Yuechengling biotite granites. Geochemical differences together with zircon Hf isotopic compositions indicate that the relatively fractionated mineralized Niutangjie muscovite granites were generated by partial melting of Proterozoic meta-sediments, whereas the unmineralized Yuechengling biotite granites were derived from partial melting of Proterozoic meta-sediments with subordinate meta-igneous rocks. The unmineralized Yuechengling two-mica granites have similar geochemical characteristics to the mineralized Niutangjie muscovite granites, but their relatively small volumes and lack of exploration may explain why the Yuechengling two-mica granites have not so far been found to be mineralized. Similarly, the larger volume and more highly fractionated nature of the Mesozoic Yanshanian mineralized granites may explain the greater abundance of W-Sn mineralization associated with these rocks compared to the Paleozoic Kwangsian granites.
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