Acute alcohol use and the risk of non-fatal injury in sixteen countries
Acute alcohol use and the risk of non-fatal injury in sixteen countries
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01462.x
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Poznyak, Vladimir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borges, Guilherme;Cherpitel, Cheryl J.;Poznyak, Vladimir
目的：确定一系列急诊科（ED）中与饮酒相关的非致命性损伤的相对风险（RR）、可能的效应修饰因子以及背景变量对不同地点差异的影响。设计病例交叉法被用来获得RR估计酒精对非致命性伤害的影响。荟萃分析用于评价各研究中心RR的一致性和幅度，以及背景变量解释效应量差异的程度。研究对象1984-2002年16个国家28项急诊研究的11536名受伤患者的概率样本。大多数样本为男性（65%）和> 30岁（53%）。测量暴露的情况下，那些饮酒6小时前受伤。饮酒作为对照期。结果饮酒前6小时内受伤的21%的样本报告。受伤前6小时内报告饮酒的患者的估计（随机）合并相对风险为5.69（95%置信区间= 4.04-8.00），范围从加拿大的1.05到南非的35.00。不同研究的效应大小并不一致，因为具有较高风险消费模式的社会具有较高的伤害相对风险。重度饮酒者也表现出较低的RR。结论急性酒精是大多数场所非致命性损伤的危险因素。建议采取针对一般民众的政策措施，特别是在消费模式风险较大的社会。
Aims To determine the relative risk (RR) of non-fatal injury associated with alcohol consumption in a series of emergency departments (EDs), possible effect modifiers and the impact of contextual variables on differences across sites. Design The case-crossover method was used to obtain RR estimates of the effect of alcohol on non-fatal injuries. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the consistency and magnitude of RR across sites, and the extent to which contextual variables explain differences in effect sizes. Participants Probability samples of 11 536 injured patients attending 28 EDs studies in 16 countries (1984-2002). The majority of the sample was male (65%) and > 30 years old (53%). Measurements Exposed cases where those that consumed alcohol 6 hours prior to the injury. Usual alcohol consumption served as the control period. Findings Drinking within 6 hours prior to the injury was reported by 21% of the sample. The estimated (random) pooled relative risk for patients who reported alcohol use within 6 hours prior to injury was 5.69 (95% confidence interval = 4.04-8.00), ranging from 1.05 in Canada to 35.00 in South Africa. Effect size was not homogeneous across studies, as societies with riskier consumption patterns had a higher relative risk for injury. Heavier drinkers also showed lower RR. Conclusions Acute alcohol was a risk factor for non-fatal injuries in most sites. Policy measures addressed to the general population are recommended, especially in societies with riskier consumption patterns.