Industrial high temperature superconductors: perspectives and milestones
Industrial high temperature superconductors: perspectives and milestones
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工业高温超导体：前景和里程碑
DOI：
10.1109/tasc.2002.1018604
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
E. Podtburg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Masur;J. Kellers;Feng Li;S. Fleshler;E. Podtburg
高温超导体（HTS）广泛应用于工业终端用户和电力公司的大功率应用中。突出的应用领域包括电力传输电缆，电动机，发电机，电流限制器和变压器。有前途的设计概念依赖于HTS是一种灵活的复合导体，足够坚固，可以处理工业环境。目前，柔性复合导体最先进的制造方法是Bi-2223-OPIT，被许多机构采用。高温超导技术取得了重大进展，在77 K时的平均临界电流性能超过115 A，相当于工程电流密度为13.8 kA/cm/sup 2/。在过去的18个月里，美国超导公司将其高温超导线的生产能力从每年250公里增加到500公里，以满足不断增长的开发和示范需求。虽然这种水平的质量和数量使原型电源应用的演示令人印象深刻，但它并不能完全满足商业经济可行性的要求。因此，为了进一步将电线价格降至50美元/卡米，美国超导公司目前正在建设一个新的工厂，专门生产每年10000公里的Bi-OPIT-2223电线。这种电线的最初应用是电力传输电缆，工业电机和发电机。本文将报道Bi-2223磁带的性能和可靠性测试。我们将讨论为特定重点项目生产的胶带的电气、拉伸、压缩和疲劳测试结果。此外，我们将回顾高温超导体的大规模可用性，并将报告需要克服的技术和价格/性能限制，以提高高温超导在研究和工业装置和设备中的适用性。
High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are widely considered for large power applications used by industrial end-users and electric utilities. The prominent application areas include power transmission cables, electric motors, generators, current limiters, and transformers. The promising design concepts rely on HTS to be a flexible composite conductor, robust enough to handle an industrial environment. Currently, the most advanced manufacturing method for flexible composite conductor is the Bi-2223-OPIT, used by many organizations. Significant advances in HTS technology have been made, with average critical current performance above 115 A at 77 K which is equivalent to an engineering current density of 13.8 kA/cm/sup 2/. During the past 18 months, American Superconductor increased its HTS wire manufacturing capacity from 250 km to 500 km per year to meet the increased demand for development and demonstrations. While this level of quality and quantity enables impressive demonstrations of prototype power applications, it does not fully meet the requirements of commercial economic viability. Therefore, to further decrease wire price to $50/kA-m, American Superconductor is currently siting a new facility dedicated to the manufacturing of Bi-OPIT-2223 wire in quantities of 10000 km per year. Initial applications for this wire are power transmission cables, industrial motors and electrical generators. This paper will report on the performance and reliability testing of Bi-2223 tapes. We will discuss the electrical, tensile, compression, and fatigue testing results of tapes manufactured for specific key projects. Also, we will review mass availability of High Temperature Superconductors and we will report on technological and price/performance limitations to be overcome to increase the applicability of HTS in research and industrial devices and equipment.