Special Volume devoted to the 15th International Frankia and Actinorhizal Plant Meeting
Special Volume devoted to the 15th International Frankia and Actinorhizal Plant Meeting
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第 15 届国际 Frankia 和 Actinohorhizal 植物会议特别卷
DOI：
10.1007/s13199-009-0041-y
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
L. Wall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Chaia;J. Dawson;L. Wall
第15届Frankia和放线菌国际会议于2008年10月19日至23日在阿根廷巴里洛切举行。Frankia是一种放线菌，能在被子植物的根部结瘤。Frankia与8科24属的特定寄主植物共生固氮。这是第一次在南美洲举行的两年一度的会议，也是继新西兰之后在北美和欧洲以外举行的第二次会议。来自南美洲、北美洲、欧洲和亚洲9个不同国家的34名科学家和学生参加了会议。会议地点巴里洛切位于安第斯山脉南部的巴塔哥尼亚地区，那里有一组独特的放线菌植物及其Frankia共生体。这些植物属于Colletiae族（鼠李科）和与会者有机会在巴里洛切附近的Nahuel Huapi国家公园探索它们的自然环境，从草原到潮湿的森林，并听取关于这一放线菌群的最新研究报告。自第一次会议在彼得舍姆的哈佛森林举行以来，1978年的马萨诸塞州在那次会议上，由Frankia研究领域的偶像John Torrey博士主持，一小群研究人员的共同利益来自三个领域的发展。第一个进步领域是由国际生物计划赞助的努力，建立了一个全球性的放线菌植物核算，当时已知由7个“不同”科的15属组成。这些形态上“多样”的群体现在已知与其他植物分类群，包括豆科植物，在蔷薇科亚支，显然是一个分类单位与植物倾向于重氮共生。第二个推动力来自林业工作者和其他自然资源管理者越来越多地认识到，放线菌植物具有与豆科植物相同的固氮能力，放线菌植物具有在贫瘠土壤上的上级宿主植物生产力和提高土壤氮肥力的双重好处。第三个进展是在纯培养和再感染宿主植物中首次成功分离Frankia菌株（来自Comptonia peregrina的CpI 1
The 15th International Frankia and Actinorhizal Plant Meeting was held from October 19th to 23rd, 2008, in Bariloche, Argentina. Frankia is an actinomycete that nodulates roots of a group of angiospermous plants. Frankia fixes atmospheric nitrogen symbiotically with its specific host plants in 24 genera within eight families. This was the first of the biennial meetings to be held in South America and only the second, after New Zealand, to be held outside of North America and Europe. Thirty four scientists and students from nine different countries in South America, North America, Europe and Asia attended. The site of the meeting, Bariloche, is in the Patagonian region of the southern Andean Mountains, where a distinct group of actinorhizal plants and their Frankia symbionts occur. These plants are in the tribe Colletiae (family Rhamnaceae) and the meeting participants had the opportunity to explore their natural environs from steppe to humid forest in the Nahuel Huapi National Park near Bariloche and to hear reports of the most recent research on this actinorhizal group.Much research progress has been made on Frankia and on actinorhizal plants since the first meeting was held at Harvard Forest in Petersham, Massachusetts in 1978. At that meeting, hosted by Dr. John Torrey, an icon in the field of Frankia research, the common interests of a small group of researchers had evolved from developments in three areas. The first area of advancement was the effort, sponsored by the International Biological Program, to establish a worldwide accounting for actinorhizal plants, then known to be comprised of 15 genera in seven “diverse” families. These morphologically “diverse” groups are now known to cluster together with other plant taxa, including legumes, in the subclade rosidae, apparently a taxonomic unit with plants predisposed to diazotrophic symbioses. The second impetus came from the increased recognition by foresters and other natural resource managers that actinorhizal plants possessed nitrogen fixation capacities equal to those of legumes and that actinorhizal plants conferred the dual benefits of superior host-plant productivity on poor soils and enhancement of soil nitrogen fertility. The third development was the first successful isolation of a Frankia strain (CpI1 from Comptonia peregrina) in pure culture and reinfection of a host plant