Control over Time: Employers, Workers, and Families Shaping Work Schedules
Control over Time: Employers, Workers, and Families Shaping Work Schedules
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-soc-073117-041400
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Clawson, Dan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gerstel, Naomi;Clawson, Dan
大量长期存在的文献研究了人们花在工作和家庭上的时间。包括这篇综述在内的一篇较新的文献以旧文献为背景，关注塑造我们日程安排的社会过程：我们如何管理时间，接受、协商或质疑我们不断变化的义务和承诺。研究表明，时间管理变得越来越复杂，因为不可预测的时间表无处不在，性别、阶级和种族的不平等影响着我们管理和控制时间的能力。缺乏控制以及随之而来的不可预测性不仅会影响到员工个人，还会蔓延开来。一个人日程安排的改变会影响到其他相关的人，形成我们所说的时间之网。这篇综述调查并整合了关于工作和家庭的时间和时间表的研究，最后对寻求解决这些问题的政策进行了关注。
An extensive and long-standing literature examines the amount of time people spend on their jobs and families. A newer literature, including this review, takes that older literature as background and focuses on the social processes that shape our schedules: how we manage our time, accepting, negotiating, or contesting our shifting obligations and commitments. Research shows that time management is increasingly complex because unpredictable schedules are pervasive, and that gender, class, and race inequalities influence our ability to manage and control them. That lack of control and the unpredictability that accompanies it not only affect individual workers but also spread. A change in one person's schedule reverberates across a set of linked others in what we call a web of time. This review surveys and integrates research on hours and schedules of both jobs and families and concludes with attention to the policies that seek to address these issues.