Optimal sizing and dispatch for a community-scale potable water recycling facility
Optimal sizing and dispatch for a community-scale potable water recycling facility
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.scs.2018.02.023
复制
发表时间：
2018-05
影响因子：
11.7
通讯作者：
J. Vitter;Bruk M. Berhanu;Thomas A. Deetjen;B. Leibowicz;M. Webber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Vitter;Bruk M. Berhanu;Thomas A. Deetjen;B. Leibowicz;M. Webber
本研究探讨了社区规模的饮用水回收设施（WRF）的经济和环境影响，通过开发最佳容量和调度模型，制定为混合整数线性规划（MILP），最大限度地降低公用事业服务成本、运营成本和年化资本成本，其中水循环利用由中央公用事业服务增加。模型约束通过强制流量平衡来控制顺序批式反应器、反渗透装置和均衡设备的操作。对于需水量恒定的特殊情况，提出了一种解决方法，允许以最小的计算需求筛选WRF配置的可行性。以德克萨斯州奥斯汀的一个新住宅社区为例，对广义模型进行了参数化，以探索对关键参数的敏感性。案例研究结果表明，相对于没有水循环的常规运营（BAU）方案，WRF的年化成本增加了15%。在案例研究中，公用事业服务对水（- 50%）和下水道（- 74%）的需求减少，同时电力消耗（+167%）和间接碳排放（+163%）显著增加。通过参数探索，根据公用事业费率、用水需求和资本成本，确定了世界水资源基金具有成本效益的地区。在面临供水限制的系统中，本文所建立的WRF模型是逐步扩大供水的可行替代方案。
This study explores economic and environmental impacts of a community-scale potable water recycling facility (WRF) by developing an optimal capacity and dispatch model, formulated as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) that minimizes utility service costs, operating costs, and annualized capital costs where water recycling is augmented by service from central utilities. Model constraints govern operations of a sequencing batch reactor, reverse osmosis unit, and equalization equipment by enforcing flow balances. A solution method is also presented for a special case where water demand is constant, allowing WRF configurations to be screened for feasibility with minimal computational requirements. The generalized model is parameterized for a new residential community in Austin, TX to explore sensitivity to key parameters. Case study results indicate the WRF increases annualized costs by 15% relative to a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario without water recycling. Utility service demands for water (−50%) and sewer (−74%) decrease in the case study, accompanied by significant increases to electricity consumption (+167%) and indirect carbon emissions (+163%). Parameter exploration identifies regions where the WRF could be cost-effective based on utility rates, water demand, and capital costs. In systems facing supply constraints, the WRF modeled herein is a feasible alternative for incrementally expanding water supplies.