Vulnerability of loggerhead turtle eggs to the presence of clay and silt on nesting beaches
Vulnerability of loggerhead turtle eggs to the presence of clay and silt on nesting beaches
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2016.10.015
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Tiwari, Manjula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marco, Adolfo;Abella-Perez, Elena;Tiwari, Manjula
在重要的筑巢地，海龟巢的死亡率通常很高。了解影响濒危种群重要栖息地孵化成功率和生产力的主要因素，对妥善管理和保护它们至关重要。在一些筑巢的海滩上，粘土的含量可能很高，可能会影响鸡蛋的孵化。在东大西洋的主要红海龟栖息地（博阿维斯塔，佛得角），粘土和淤泥在近10%的主要筑巢海滩上很常见，海龟在产卵时不会避开粘土基质。在富含粘土和淤泥的沙质基质上孵育的巢死亡率很高。同样的情况也发生在卵沾上粘土并在无粘土的沙子中孵化的巢上。在实验中，用粘土（蛋壳的30%、50%和80%）覆盖层孵育的瓦片卵遭受了严重的水分流失，在极端情况下，这是不可逆转的，导致胚胎死亡。蛋壳覆盖80%的虫卵死亡率为75%，而对照虫卵的死亡率仅为25%。黏土/淤泥的含盐量似乎不是造成卵脱水和死亡的原因。蛋壳只有30%被粘土覆盖的卵产下的雏鸟比对照卵产下的雏鸟发育得慢。含有大量粘土/淤泥的基质会严重破坏胚胎发育，降低巢的出现成功率，应避免在巢迁移计划中使用。(C) 2016 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Sea turtle nests usually suffer a high mortality on important nesting grounds. Understanding the main factors that influence hatching success and productivity on important rookeries of endangered populations is essential to properly manage and protect them. The amount of clay can be high on some nesting beaches and could affect egg incubation. In the main loggerhead rookery in the Eastern Atlantic (Boa Vista, Cape Verde), clays and silts are very common on near 10% of the main nesting beaches, and turtles do not avoid clay substrates when they lay their eggs. Nests incubated on sandy substrates rich on clay and silt had a very high mortality. The same occurs on nests with the eggs stained with clay and incubated in sand free of clay. Tile eggs experimentally incubated with a covering layer of clay (30%, 50% and 80% of the eggshell) suffered an important loss of water, which in the extreme cases was irreversible, causing the death of the embryos. 75% of the eggs with 80% of their eggshells covered with clay died, while the mortality rate of the control eggs was only 25%. The salt content of the clay/silt seems not to be responsible for the egg dehydration and death. The hatchlings born from eggs with only 30% of the eggshell covered by clay were slower that those born from control eggs. Substrates with a significant presence of clay/silt can seriously disrupt embryonic development, reducing the emergence success of nests and should be avoided on nest relocation programs. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.