Food Limitation of Reproduction and Survival For Populations of Brachinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Food Limitation of Reproduction and Survival For Populations of Brachinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
复制标题
腕足动物种群繁殖和生存的食物限制（鞘翅目：步甲科）
DOI：
10.2307/1939826
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
S. Juliano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Juliano
为了确定成年庞巴迪甲虫（Brachinus）的食物天然水平是否足够低，导致繁殖和存活率下降，在美国亚利桑那州东南部进行了实验室和现场实验。在实验室中，喂养会影响几个月的繁殖，但对短期产蛋量没有明显影响。雌性直到成年第二年才进行繁殖，并且增加摄食量并不会导致兼性早期繁殖。中度低食物（tenerals）或极低食物（nontenerals）会降低存活率。基于体重与鞘翅长度关系的条件因子 (CF) 提供了一种摄食率测量方法，可在短短 16 天内响应食物供应量的变化。不同田间地点的 CF 不同，永久性池塘产出的鲈鱼喂养效果最好，半永久性和临时池塘产出的个体喂养不足最严重。相对于对照，在田间实验性添加食物显着提高了软体和非软体 B. Lateralis 的 CF。非软性墨西哥拟杆菌的趋势与摄食率的增加一致，但并不显着。成年人的食物似乎对繁殖很重要，但在许多地方都供不应求。食物竞争是可能的，并且可能有助于解释组合组成的空间差异。
In order to determine whether natural levels of food for adult bombardier beetles (Brachinus) were low enough to lead to reduced reproduction and survival, laboratory and field experiments were conducted in southeastern Arizona, USA. In the laboratory, feeding affected repro- duction over a period of months, but had no detectable effect on short-term egg production. Females did not reproduce until the 2nd yr of adulthood, and increased feeding did not lead to facultative early reproduction. Survival was reduced by moderately low food (tenerals) or very low food (nontenerals). A condition factor (CF) based on the relationship of body mass to elytron length provided a measure of feeding rate that responded to changes in food availability in as little as 16 d. CF differed among field sites, with a permanent pond yielding the best fed Brachinus and semipermanent and temporary ponds yielding the most severely underfed individuals. Experimental supplementation of food in the field significantly raised the CF of teneral and nonteneral B. lateralis relative to controls. Trends for nonteneral B. mexicanus were consistent with increased feeding rate, but were not significant. Food for adults appears to be important for reproduction, and is in short supply at many sites. Competition for food is possible, and may help explain spatial differences in assemblage composition.