FLOOD EVENTS AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT DURING THE RAINSTORM OF AUGUST 2005 IN SWITZERLAND
FLOOD EVENTS AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT DURING THE RAINSTORM OF AUGUST 2005 IN SWITZERLAND
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2005年8月瑞士暴雨期间的洪水事件和泥沙输送
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Koschni
中科院分区：
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作者：
D. Rickenmann;L. Hunzinger;A. Koschni
2005 年 8 月瑞士发生的洪水事件与某些河段的高流量和极高的输沙量有关。由于洪水、泥沙淤积、泥石流和木质残骸，许多地方都遭受了巨大的破坏。高沉积物输送主要发生在山区，那里观察到强烈的河岸和河床侵蚀，并且沉积物和木质碎片的沉积也发生在河道之外。瑞士高原的较大河流流量较大，但泥沙输送仅发挥很小的作用。在许多地方，与高流量相比，渠道输送能力太小。对于陡度超过约 5% 的河道，观察到的底泥体积明显小于使用简单底泥输送方程计算的值。造成这种差异的可能原因是较大的形式阻力损失，这减少了可用于沉积物运输的流动能量，以及较陡峭的河流中沉积物的可用性有限。 1 瑞士联邦研究所 (WSL)，山地水文学和山洪，瑞士比门斯多夫； rickenmann@wsl.ch 2 Schälchli，Abegg + Hunzinger，文凭。英格。 ETH / SIA，河流工程，瑞士伯尔尼； sah.be@flussbau.ch
The flood events of August 2005 in Switzerland were associated with high water discharges and very high transported sediment loads in some channel reaches. This caused large damage in many places due to flooding, sediment deposition, debris flows, and woody debris. High sediment transport occurred primarily in mountain regions where intense bank and channel bed erosion was observed, and where deposition of sediment and woody debris also occurred outside of the channel. The larger rivers of the Swiss plateau had high flow discharges but sediment transport played only a minor role. In many places the channel conveyance capacity was too small in comparison to the high discharges. For channel reaches steeper than about 5% observed bedload volumes are significantly smaller than values calculated with a simple bedload transport equation. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are large form resistance losses, which reduce the flow energy available for sediment transport, and limited sediment availability in steeper streams. 1 Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), Mountain Hydrology and Torrents, Birmensdorf, Switzerland; rickenmann@wsl.ch 2 Schälchli, Abegg + Hunzinger, dipl. Ing. ETH / SIA, River engineering, Bern, Switzerland; sah.be@flussbau.ch