The monitoring of semolina contamination by insect fragments using the light filth method in an Italian mill
The monitoring of semolina contamination by insect fragments using the light filth method in an Italian mill
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在意大利一家工厂中使用轻污法监测昆虫碎片对粗面粉的污染
DOI：
10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.11.026
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
J. Hubert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Trematerra;V. Stejskal;J. Hubert
尽管昆虫污染降低了谷物产品的质量和安全性，但欧洲工厂还没有对昆虫碎片污染粗面粉的风险进行定量或定性的风险评估。对意大利工厂一年(2008年6月至2009年6月)的粗面粉污染的监测使我们能够评估(I)污染的频率，(Ii)数量，(Iii)季节动态，(Iv)有害生物来源(例如，造成污染的害虫物种)。从粗面藻样中提取昆虫碎片和未受损伤的完整虫体。样本中碎片出现的频率依次为：下颌骨、小腿、成人角质层碎片。每50克粗面粉的污染量从0到15(中位数=0.2)昆虫碎片。污染水平低于意大利的监管限值(例如，≤为75片/50微克粗面粉)。内食性谷物害虫(Sitophilus spp.，Rhyzpertha sp.)是造成污染的主要原因。外食性害虫(Tribolium spp.、Cryptolestes spp.、OryzaePhilus spp.、Nemapogon sp.和Polods)和田间危害小麦的害虫(蓟马和蚜虫)的污染较少。从4月到6月，碎片的数量有季节性的增加。工厂熏蒸一个月(2008年9月)后碎片数量减少。尽管内部喂养的谷物害虫作为一种隐藏的虫害从谷物仓库到达磨坊，但这些是粗面粉污染的主要原因。熏蒸后粗粉中昆虫整体的存在和碎片数量的减少表明，粉尘侵染是粗粉中昆虫碎片污染的部分原因。
Although insect contamination decreases the quality and safety of cereal products there has been no quantitative or qualitative risk evaluation of semolina contamination by insect fragments in European mills. Monitoring of semolina contamination in Italian mills over one year (June 2008 to June 2009) enabled us to evaluate (i) the frequency, (ii) quantity, (iii) seasonal dynamics, and (iv) pest origin (e.g. pest species that are responsible for contamination) of contamination. Insect fragments and undamaged whole insect bodies were extracted from semolina samples. The frequency of fragments in samples decreased as follows: mandibles, legs, adult cuticle fragments. The amount of contamination ranged from 0 to 15 (median = 2) insect fragments per 50 g of semolina. The level of contamination was below the Italian regulatory limit (e.g. ≤ 75 fragments/50 g of semolina). Internally feeding grain pests (Sitophilus spp., Rhyzopertha sp.) were mainly responsible for the contamination. Contamination by externally feeding pests (Tribolium spp., Cryptolestes spp., Oryzaephilus spp., Nemapogon sp., and psocids) and pests infesting wheat in the field (thrips and aphids) was less frequent. There was a seasonal increase in the number of fragments from April to June. The number of fragments decreased after mill fumigation for one month (September 2008). Although internally feeding grain pests arrive at the mills as a hidden infestation from the grain stores, these are the main cause of semolina contamination. The presence of whole insect bodies in semolina and a decrease in fragment numbers after fumigation indicated that mill infestation is partly responsible for insect fragment contamination in semolina.