Bipolar or rectified chromatic detection mechanisms?
Bipolar or rectified chromatic detection mechanisms?
复制标题
双极或校正色彩检测机制？
作者：
M. J. Sankeralli;Kathy T. Mullen
人们普遍认为，人类的色觉是基于两种类型的视锥-对立机制，一种是区分L和M视锥类型（粗略地称为“红-绿”），另一种是区分S与L和M视锥（粗略地称为“蓝-黄”）。人类色觉早期处理的传统观点认为，这些视锥细胞-对手机制中的每一个都以双极方式响应，以发出两种对手颜色（红色与绿色，蓝色与黄色）的信号。另一种可能性是，每个视锥-对手响应以及亮度响应被整流，从而为每个极点（红、绿色、蓝、黄、亮和暗）产生可分离的信号。在这项研究中，我们使用心理物理噪声掩蔽，以确定是否纠正模型适用于检测postreceptoral机制。我们测量了6种测试刺激（红色、绿色、蓝色、黄色、浅色和深色）的对比度检测阈值，这些刺激对应于三种感受器后机制中每一种的两极。对于每个测试，我们确定呈现给交叉极点的噪声是否具有与呈现给相同极点的噪声相同的掩蔽效应（例如，比较亮度递减噪声（交叉极点）和亮度增量噪声（相同极点）对亮度增量的掩蔽）。为了避免刺激取消，测试和面具异步呈现在一个“三明治”的安排（面具测试面具）。对于六个测试刺激，我们观察到，噪声面具提出的交叉极没有提高检测阈值的测试，而噪声提出的同一极产生了大量的掩蔽。该结果表明，每个颜色信号（红色、绿色、蓝色和黄色）和亮度信号（亮和暗）由可分离的机制提供。我们认为，视锥细胞-对手机制和亮度机制具有相似的生理基础，因为视锥细胞增量和视锥细胞减量处理的功能分离可能是亮度系统分离为ON和OFF路径以及视锥细胞-对手机制分裂为可分离的色极的基础。
It is widely accepted that human color vision is based on two types of cone-opponent mechanism, one differencing L and M cone types (loosely termed “red–green”), and the other differencing S with the L and M cones (loosely termed “blue–yellow”). The traditional view of the early processing of human color vision suggests that each of these cone-opponent mechanisms respond in a bipolar fashion to signal two opponent colors (red vs. green, blue vs. yellow). An alternative possibility is that each cone-opponent response, as well as the luminance response, is rectified, so producing separable signals for each pole (red, green, blue, yellow, light, and dark). In this study, we use psychophysical noise masking to determine whether the rectified model applies to detection by the postreceptoral mechanisms. We measured the contrast-detection thresholds of six test stimuli (red, green, blue, yellow, light, and dark), corresponding to the two poles of each of the three postreceptoral mechanisms. For each test, we determined whether noise presented to the cross pole had the same masking effect as noise presented to the same pole (e.g. comparing masking of luminance increments by luminance decrement noise (cross pole) and luminance increment noise (same pole)). To avoid stimulus cancellation, the test and mask were presented asynchronously in a “sandwich” arrangement (mask-test-mask). For the six test stimuli, we observed that noise masks presented to the cross pole did not raise the detection thresholds of the test, whereas noise presented to the same pole produced a substantial masking. This result suggests that each color signal (red, green, blue, and yellow) and luminance signal (light and dark) is subserved by a separable mechanism. We suggest that the cone-opponent and luminance mechanisms have similar physiological bases, since a functional separation of the processing of cone increments and cone decrements could underlie both the separation of the luminance system into ON and OFF pathways as well as the splitting of the cone-opponent mechanisms into separable color poles.
DOI：
10.1364/josaa.9.001880
发表时间：
1992-11-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
GEGENFURTNER, KR;KIPER, DC
通讯作者：
KIPER, DC
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
DERRINGTON, AM;KRAUSKOPF, J;LENNIE, P
通讯作者：
LENNIE, P