Psychopathology following trauma: The role of subjective experience
Psychopathology following trauma: The role of subjective experience
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2005.01.015
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Burgess, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Creamer, M;McFarlane, AC;Burgess, P
背景：DSM-IV 对创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的定义扩大了压力源标准，包括客观 (A1) 和主观 (A2) 成分。在大型社区样本中检查了标准 A2 的患病率及其与创伤性记忆和精神病理学的关联。方法：在 6104 名有创伤暴露史的成年人的社区样本中检查了标准 A2 和创伤性记忆的存在，以及 DSM-IV 焦虑、情感和物质使用障碍。结果：大多数人符合标准 A2 (76%)，女性患病率 (81%) 高于男性(69%)。 A2 在某些创伤（例如攻击性暴力）后更为常见。排除那些患有 PTSD 的人，满足标准 A2 的人大多数精神疾病的患病率高于仅满足标准 A1 的人。在没有达到 A2 的人中，只有 3% 的人继续遭受持续的创伤记忆。具有 A2 和创伤记忆的人的精神疾病患病率高于具有 A2 和无创伤记忆的人。 局限性：数据的回顾性增加了报告偏差的可能性。该数据集仅允许检查创伤后调整的几个可能预测因素中的一个，并且仅提供 12 个月而非一生的精神疾病患病率。结论：在遭受创伤时经历强烈情绪是常见的，并且不仅与 PTSD 患病率增加有关，还与一系列其他精神疾病患病率增加有关。创伤记忆可能会介导这种关联。 (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Background: The DSM-IV definition of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) widened the stressor criterion to include objective (A1) and subjective (A2) components. The prevalence of Criterion A2, and its association with traumatic memory and psychopathology, was examined in a large community sample.Method: The presence of Criterion A2 and traumatic memories, as well as DSM-IV anxiety, affective and substance use disorders, were examined in a community sample of 6104 adults with a history of traumatic exposure.Results: Most individuals met Criterion A2 (76%), with higher prevalence in females (81%) than males (69%). A2 was more common following certain traumas (such as assaultive violence). Excluding those people with PTSD, prevalence of most psychiatric disorders was higher in those who met Criterion A2 than in those who only met Criterion A1. Only 3% of those who did not meet A2 went on to suffer persistent traumatic memories. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was higher in those with A2 and traumatic memories than in those with A2 and no traumatic memories.Limitations: The retrospective nature of the data raises the potential for reporting biases. The data set allowed only one of several possible predictors of posttraumatic adjustment to be examined and only 12-month, and not lifetime, prevalence of psychiatric conditions was available.Conclusions: The experience of powerful emotions at the time of traumatic exposure is common and is associated with increased prevalence not only of PTSD, but also of a range of other psychiatric conditions. Traumatic memories may mediate this association. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.