BIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF CAROTENOIDS
BIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF CAROTENOIDS
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DOI：
10.1096/fasebj.3.8.2656356
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发表时间：
1989-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
OLSON, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BENDICH, A;OLSON, JA
在600种天然来源的类胡萝卜素中，只有不到10%的类胡萝卜素是维生素A的前体。许多膳食类胡萝卜素，无论是否具有维生素原A活性，都存在于人类的血液和组织中。β-胡萝卜素是最具营养活性的类胡萝卜素，占血清总类胡萝卜素的15 - 30%。维生素A主要由β-胡萝卜素和其他维生素A原类胡萝卜素的氧依赖性中央裂解形成。几种类胡萝卜素显示增强免疫应答，抑制诱变，减少诱导的核损伤，并保护细胞，组织和整个动物免受各种肿瘤事件的影响。类胡萝卜素还可以防止光诱导的组织损伤。一些类胡萝卜素，包括β-胡萝卜素，在某些条件下淬灭高活性单线态氧，并可以阻止自由基介导的反应。在流行病学研究中，摄入富含类胡萝卜素的水果和蔬菜与预防某些形式的癌症，特别是肺癌有关。类似地，血清β-胡萝卜素水平与肺癌发病率降低有关。然而，必须强调的是，这些流行病关联并不表明因果关系。在这方面，β-胡萝卜素补充剂的长期干预试验正在进行中。无论这些试验的结果如何，类胡萝卜素在动物中的生物作用明显不同于它们作为维生素A前体的功能。Bendich，A.;奥尔森，J. A.类胡萝卜素的生物作用。FASEB J.3：1927 - 1932; 1989。
Of 600 carotenoids from natural sources that have been characterized, fewer than 10% serve as precursors of vitamin A. Many dietary carotenoids, both with and without provitamin A activity, are found in the blood and tissues of humans. β‐Carotene, the most nutritionally active carotenoid, comprises 15‐30% of total serum carotenoids. Vitamin A is formed primarily by the oxygen‐dependent central cleavage of β‐carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids. Several carotenoids show enhancement of the immune response, inhibition of mutagenesis, reduction of induced nuclear damage, and protection from various neoplastic events in cells, tissues, and whole animals. Carotenoids also protect against photo‐induced tissue damage. Some carotenoids, including β‐carotene, quench highly reactive singlet oxygen under certain conditions and can block free radical‐mediated reactions. In epidemiological studies, the intake of carotenoid‐rich fruits and vegetables has been correlated with protection from some forms of cancer, particularly lung cancer. Similarly, serum β‐carotene levels have been associated with a decreased chance of developing lung cancer. It must be stressed, however, that these epidemiological associations do not show cause and effect. In this regard, long‐term intervention trials with β‐carotene supplements are in progress. Whatever the results of these trials, carotenoids clearly show biological actions in animals distinct from their function as precursors of vitamin A.—Bendich, A.; Olson, J. A. Biological actions of carotenoids.FASEB J.3: 1927‐1932; 1989.