Gender and bipolar illness
Gender and bipolar illness
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DOI：
10.4088/jcp.v61n0514
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Hammen, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hendrick, V;Altshuler, LL;Hammen, C
背景：对于重性抑郁症和精神分裂症，有报道称在症状表现和病程方面存在性别差异。双相情感障碍的性别差异越来越明显，但研究较少。关于这些差异的研究数据将有助于确定性别在影响疾病变量（如病程、症状表现和合并症的可能性）方面是否重要。方法：131名患者的病历（63名女性和68名男性）患有DSM-IV诊断的双相情感障碍，在3年内被加州大学洛杉矶心境障碍项目录取。年期间进行了审查，收集人口统计学变量和病程的数据，并评估疾病的差异跨genders.Results：没有显着的性别差异，发现在双相I或双相II的诊断率，虽然妇女在后一类中的代表性过高。此外，在发病年龄、抑郁或躁狂发作次数以及因抑郁症住院次数方面没有显著的性别差异。然而，女性因躁狂症住院的次数明显多于男性。此外，虽然双相男性比双相女性更有可能患有共病的物质使用障碍，但双相障碍女性的酒精使用障碍率是来自社区样本的女性报告的4倍，其他物质使用障碍率是7倍。对于双相情感障碍，病程变量，如发病年龄和每种极性的情感发作次数似乎没有性别差异。然而，女性可能比男性更有可能因躁狂发作而住院。虽然患有这种疾病的男性和女性与酒精和其他物质使用障碍的共病率很高，但患有双相情感障碍的女性与这些疾病共病的风险特别高。
Background: For major depression and schizophrenia, gender differences have been reported in symptom expression and course of illness. Gender differences in bipolar disorder are becoming increasingly apparent, but have been less studied. Research data on these differences will help determine whether gender is important in influencing illness variables such as course, symptom expression, and likelihood of comorbidity.Method: Charts of 131 patients (63 women and 68 men) with a DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder admitted to the University of California Los Angeles Mood Disorders Program over a 3-year period were reviewed to gather data on demographic variables and course of illness and to assess differences in the illness across genders.Results: No significant gender differences were found in the rate of bipolar I or bipolar II diagnoses, although women were overrepresented in the latter category. Also, no significant gender differences emerged in age at onset, number of depressive or manic episodes, and number of hospitalizations for depression. Women, however, had been hospitalized significantly more often than men for mania. Further, whereas bipolar men were significantly more likely than bipolar women to have a comorbid substance use disorder, women with bipolar disorder had 4 times the rate of alcohol use disorders and 7 times the rate of other substance use disorders than reported in women from community-derived samples.Conclusion: For bipolar disorder, course of illness variables such as age at onset and number of affective episodes of each polarity do not seem to differ across genders. Women, however, may be more likely than men to be hospitalized for manic episodes. While both men and women with the illness have high rates of comorbidity with alcohol and other substance use disorders, women with bipolar disorder are at a particularly high risk for comorbidity with these conditions.