Investigation of epididymal proteins and general sperm membrane characteristics of Formosan pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla)
Investigation of epididymal proteins and general sperm membrane characteristics of Formosan pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla)
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DOI：
10.1186/s40850-020-00064-4
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发表时间：
2020-10-27
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Tsai, Pei-Shiue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Yu-Chia;Yu, Jane-Fang;Tsai, Pei-Shiue
背景台湾穿山甲（Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla）是中华穿山甲三个亚种之一，也是台湾自然栖息地的孤立亚种。尽管早先有关于马来穿山甲成功繁殖的报道，但由于该物种在雄性和雌性种群中的繁殖特征未知，台湾穿山甲在动物园圈养种群中的繁殖仍然具有挑战性。结果我们首次对雄性台湾穿山甲的生殖道进行了表征。我们发现穿山甲附睾是一个富含胶原蛋白的器官，具有与其他哺乳动物相似的明显分段的子区域。然而，与大多数哺乳动物表现出两个 V-ATP 酶亚基不同，台湾穿山甲仅表现出 V-ATP 酶亚基 2。这种特定的 V-ATP 酶亚基将其细胞定位扩展至整个附睾透明细胞的细胞质，表明管腔微环境的 pH 调节可能与其他哺乳动物不同。电子显微镜照片显示，穿山甲精子细胞呈杆状，精子头部具有多层膜结构。与其他哺乳动物中明确的获能和顶体反应膜变化类似，我们报告了穿山甲精子头膜变化的三种不同模式（均匀、间断和褪色）。在精子中段/尾部检测到的磷酸酪氨酸蛋白表达同时增加以及间断膜聚集体的出现可能代表穿山甲精子的三个精子激活阶段，即失活、获能和顶体反应状态。结论 通过揭示台湾穿山甲独特的附睾V-ATP酶分布和精子膜动力学，我们可以更好地了解台湾穿山甲繁殖参数的基本方面。
Background Formosan Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) is one of the three subspecies of Chinese pangolins, it is also an isolated sub-species naturally habitat in Taiwan. Despite earlier report on successful breeding of Sunda (Manis javanica) pangolin, breeding of Formosan pangolins in zoo captive populations is still challenging due to unknown reproductive characterizations of this species in both male and female populations. Results We characterized for the first time, reproductive tract of male Formosan pangolin. We showed pangolin epididymis was a collagen-enriched organ with apparent segmented sub-regions similar to other mammals. However, unlike most mammals exhibited two V-ATPase subunits, Formosan pangolin exhibited only V-ATPase subunit 2. This specific V-ATPase subunit extended its cellular localization throughout the cytoplasm of epididymal clear cells, suggesting pH regulation of luminal microenvironment might be different from other mammals. Electron micrographs showed rod-shaped pangolin sperm cells with multi-lamellar membrane structure at the sperm head. Similar to well-defined capacitation and acrosome reaction membrane changes in other mammals, we reported three distinct patterns (homogenous, punctuated and faded) of pangolin sperm head membrane changes. The concurrent increase in phosphotyrosine protein expression detected at the sperm mid-piece/tail and the emergence of punctuated membrane aggregates likely representing three sperm activation stages, namely inactivated, capacitated and acrosome reacted status of pangolin sperm. Conclusion By revealing unique epididymal V-ATPase distribution and sperm membrane dynamics in Formosan pangolin, we would understand better the fundamental aspects of reproduction parameters of Formosan pangolin.