Graphene oxide/vinyl ester resin nanocomposite: the effect of graphene oxide, curing kinetics, modeling, mechanical properties and thermal stability
Graphene oxide/vinyl ester resin nanocomposite: the effect of graphene oxide, curing kinetics, modeling, mechanical properties and thermal stability
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DOI：
10.1039/c5ra23731a
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发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
V. Arabli;A. Aghili
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Arabli;A. Aghili
合成了氧化石墨烯（GO），并采用不同含量的GO和乙烯基酯树脂（VE）制备了纳米复合材料。超声处理悬浮液以防止团聚。采用非等温差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了纯VE和0.3wt%GO/VE纳米复合材料的固化动力学。Kissinger和Ozawa方程用于确定活化能（Ea）。固化的GO/VE纳米复合材料的Ea值相对于纯VE显示出降低。结果表明，GO在固化反应中具有催化作用。建立了动态固化过程模型，预测了树脂的固化程度和固化速率。模拟结果表明，不同加热速率（5、10、15和20 °C min−1）下的实验数据和模型之间具有良好的一致性。从损耗因子曲线的最大峰值温度获得玻璃化转变温度（Tg）。通过向VE中添加0.4重量%的GO，Tg增加了近10 °C。拉伸力学性能测试结果表明，GO/VE质量分数为0.3%的纳米复合材料具有较高的延伸率和拉伸强度。选择该百分比（0.3wt%GO/VE）用于非等温差示扫描量热法（DSC）以研究固化动力学。研究了扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以辨别GO的表面特征和分散性。采用热重分析（TGA）研究了VE固化物及其纳米复合材料的热稳定性。炭产率随着向乙烯基酯树脂中添加0.3、1.5和3wt%的GO而增加。GO的加入提高了聚合物的阻燃性和耐热性。
Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized and nanocomposites were prepared using different contents of the GO and vinyl ester resin (VE). The suspension was sonicated in order to prevent agglomeration. The non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique was used to study the cure kinetics of neat VE and 0.3 wt% GO/VE nanocomposite. Kissinger and Ozawa equations were used to determine the activation energy (Ea). The Ea values of the cured GO/VE nanocomposite showed a decrease with respect to the neat VE. It is concluded that GO has a catalytic effect in the cure reaction. The dynamic curing process was modeled to predict the degree of curing and curing rate of resin. The modeling results showed a good agreement between the experimental data and model for different heating rates (5, 10, 15 and 20 °C min−1). The glass transition temperature (Tg) was obtained from the maximum peak temperature of the loss factor curve. The Tg was increased by nearly 10 °C by the addition of 0.4 wt% GO to VE. Tensile mechanical tests were studied and the nanocomposite of 0.3 wt% GO/VE showed higher elongation and tensile strength. This percent (0.3 wt% GO/VE) was selected for non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to study the cure kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was studied to discern the surface features and dispersion of GO. The thermal stability of the cured VE and its nanocomposite was investigated with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The char yields increased with the addition of 0.3, 1.5, and 3 wt% of GO to the vinyl ester resin. The addition of GO improved the polymer flame retardancy and thermal resistance.