Gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with glucose metabolism disorders and the metabolic syndrome in older adults
Gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with glucose metabolism disorders and the metabolic syndrome in older adults
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DOI：
10.3920/bm2016.0184
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hackl, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lippert, K.;Kedenko, L.;Hackl, E.
肥胖和相关代谢紊乱已成为世界范围内高度流行的疾病，而人类肠道微生物群由于其对宿主能量代谢的影响而在其中发挥着重要作用。这项试点研究探讨了受各种类型葡萄糖代谢紊乱影响的男性和女性的宿主-微生物群关系。在 20 名年龄 58 至 71 岁、患有正常糖耐量、糖尿病前期或 2 型糖尿病的个体中，根据从粪便样本中扩增的 16S rRNA 基因的条形码 454 测序，对肠道细菌群落进行了比较。我们发现特定的微生物群在不同的代谢状态下相对丰富或减少。此外，与代谢疾病的临床表现的正相关或负相关表明这些生物体表明并可能导致代谢损伤或健康。例如，发现丹毒菌科和毛螺菌科的较高患病率与代谢紊乱有关，而霍尔德曼属和布劳特菌属与脂质和葡萄糖代谢受损的临床指标相关。相比之下，拟杆菌门及其中的群体与代谢疾病参数呈负相关，并且在未诊断出代谢综合征或肥胖的参与者中相对丰富。此外，特定梭菌和 Rikenellaceae 成员的流行也表明更健康的代谢状态。饮食作为中间因素的联系包括 Lachnospiraceae 分别与脂肪和碳水化合物的相对消耗率呈正相关和负相关，以及 Turicibacteraceae 与蛋白质消耗呈正相关。确定主要肠道微生物群成分在代谢紊乱中的关键作用对于通过预防或逆转生态失调以及控制恶化的饮食和生活方式因素（特别是在敏感人群中）来预防和治疗代谢疾病具有重要的转化意义。
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders have become highly prevalent diseases worldwide, and the human gut microbiota, due to its influence on host energy metabolism, has been attributed an important role therein. This pilot study explores host-microbiota relationships in men and women affected by various types of glucose metabolism disorder. Among 20 individuals aged 58 to 71 years with either normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes mellitus the gut bacterial communities were compared based on barcoded 454 sequencing of 16S rRNA genes amplified from stool samples. We found that specific microbiota groups were relatively enriched or reduced in different metabolic states. Further, positive or negative associations with clinical manifestations of metabolic disease suggest that these organisms indicate and possibly contribute to metabolic impairment or health. For instance, a higher prevalence of Erysipelotrichaceae and Lachnospiraceae was found associated with metabolic disorders, and the Holdemania and Blautia genera correlated with clinical indicators of an impaired lipid and glucose metabolism. The Bacteroidetes and groups therein, by contrast, displayed inverse relationships with metabolic disease parameters and were found relatively enriched in participants not diagnosed with metabolic syndrome or obesity. Further, the prevalence of specific Clostridia and Rikenellaceae members also pointed towards a healthier metabolic state. Links with diet as an intermediate factor included positive and negative associations of Lachnospiraceae with relative consumption rates of fat and carbohydrates, respectively, and positive associations of Turicibacteraceae with the consumption of protein. Identifying critical roles of major gut microbiota components in metabolic disorders has important translational implications regarding the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases by means of preventing or reversing dysbiosis and by controlling exacerbating diet and life style factors particularly in sensitive population groups.