Yottixel - An Image Search Engine for Large Archives of Histopathology Whole Slide Images
Yottixel - An Image Search Engine for Large Archives of Histopathology Whole Slide Images
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DOI：
10.1016/j.media.2020.101757
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
10.9
通讯作者：
Pantanowitz, Liron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kalra, Shivam;Tizhoosh, H. R.;Pantanowitz, Liron
随着数字病理学的出现，在大型档案中搜索相似图像得到了相当大的关注。图像检索可以为病理学家提供前所未有的访问证据体现在已经诊断和治疗的案件从过去。本文提出了一个专门用于数字病理学的搜索引擎，称为Yottixel，是“一个yotta像素”的合成词，暗指组织病理学图像的大数据性质。Yottixel最令人印象深刻的特性是它能够以紧凑的方式表示整个幻灯片图像（WSI）。Yottixel可以实时执行数百万次搜索，具有高搜索精度和低存储配置文件。Yottixel使用智能索引算法，能够用补丁的马赛克表示WSI，然后将其转换为条形码，称为“条形码束”（BoB），这是Yottixel最突出的性能推动者。使用匹兹堡大学医学中心（UPMC）的300个WSI和美国国家癌症研究所提供的癌症基因组图谱计划（TCGA）的2，020个WSI对原型平台的性能进行了定性测试。这两个数据集总计超过4，000，000块1000x1000像素。我们报告了三组实验表明，Yottixel可以准确地检索器官和恶性肿瘤，其语义排序显示出良好的协议与人类观察者的主观评价。(c)2020作者（S）由爱思唯尔公司出版
With the emergence of digital pathology, searching for similar images in large archives has gained considerable attention. Image retrieval can provide pathologists with unprecedented access to the evidence embodied in already diagnosed and treated cases from the past. This paper proposes a search engine specialized for digital pathology, called Yottixel, a portmanteau for "one yotta pixel ," alluding to the big-data nature of histopathology images. The most impressive characteristic of Yottixel is its ability to represent whole slide images (WSIs) in a compact manner. Yottixel can perform millions of searches in real-time with a high search accuracy and low storage profile. Yottixel uses an intelligent indexing algorithm capable of representing WSIs with a mosaic of patches which are then converted into barcodes, called "Bunch of Barcodes" (BoB), the most prominent performance enabler of Yottixel. The performance of the prototype platform is qualitatively tested using 300 WSIs from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) and 2,020 WSIs from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) provided by the National Cancer Institute. Both datasets amount to more than 4,0 0 0,0 0 0 patches of 10 0 0 x 10 0 0 pixels. We report three sets of experiments that show that Yottixel can accurately retrieve organs and malignancies, and its semantic ordering shows good agreement with the subjective evaluation of human observers. (c) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.