Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Risk Behaviors from the NIMH Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial
Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Risk Behaviors from the NIMH Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial
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DOI：
10.1080/19317611.2010.494092
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Hartwell, Tyler D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Celentano, David D.;Mayer, Kenneth H.;Hartwell, Tyler D.
这项横断面研究描述了在五个低收入和中等收入国家招募的艾滋病毒高危人群中常见细菌性和病毒性性传播疾病（STD）和风险行为的基线患病率和相关性。相关性的危险行为和人口因素与流行性传播疾病和性病与艾滋病毒流行的关联进行了检查。在五个国家（中国、印度、秘鲁、俄罗斯和津巴布韦）各招募了2，212至5，543名参与者。使用标准方案收集行为风险信息和生物样本进行性病检测。使用logistic回归模型评估HIV/STD流行的危险因素。在所有国家，妇女的性传播疾病流行率明显高于男子，最流行的性传播疾病是2型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-2）。艾滋病毒流行率普遍较低（低于5%），但津巴布韦除外（妇女为30%，男子为11.7%）。细菌性性病的流行率普遍较低（在所有地点，淋病的流行率低于5%，梅毒的流行率低于7%），印度女性性工作者中的梅毒除外。在五个研究地点，性病的行为和人口统计学风险差异很大。性病的常见风险包括女性性别，最近的性伴侣数量增加，在一些地方，年龄较大，特别是慢性性病（即，HSV-2和HIV）。艾滋病毒感染率与性病无关，但津巴布韦除外，津巴布韦的艾滋病毒感染率与HSV-2感染率之间存在适度的相关性（皮尔逊系数= 0.55）。这些研究结果强调了全球性病和艾滋病毒流行的异质性，并表明需要采取有针对性的地方干预措施，以实现这些感染的显着下降。
This cross-sectional study describes the baseline prevalence and correlates of common bacterial and viral sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and risk behaviors among individuals at high risk for HIV recruited in five low- and middle-income countries. Correlations of risk behaviors and demographic factors with prevalent STDs and the association of STDs with HIV prevalence are examined. Between 2,212 and 5,543 participants were recruited in each of five countries (China, India, Peru, Russia, and Zimbabwe). Standard protocols were used to collect behavioral risk information and biological samples for STD testing. Risk factors for HIV/STD prevalence were evaluated using logistic regression models. STD prevalence was significantly higher for women than men in all countries, and the most prevalent STD was Herpes simplex virus-type 2 (HSV-2). HIV prevalence was generally low (below 5%) except in Zimbabwe (30% among women, 11.7% among men). Prevalence of bacterial STDs was generally low (below 5% for gonorrhea and under 7% for syphilis in all sites), with the exception of syphilis among female sex workers in India. Behavioral and demographic risks for STDs varied widely across the five study sites. Common risks for STDs included female gender, increasing number of recent sex partners, and in some sites, older age, particularly for chronic STDs (i.e., HSV-2 and HIV). Prevalence of HIV was not associated with STDs except in Zimbabwe, which showed a modest correlation between HIV and HSV-2 prevalence (Pearson coefficient = .55). These findings underscore the heterogeneity of global STD and HIV epidemics and suggest that local, focused interventions are needed to achieve significant declines in these infections.