BRAIN-WEIGHT AND LIFE-SPAN IN PRIMATE SPECIES
BRAIN-WEIGHT AND LIFE-SPAN IN PRIMATE SPECIES
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.90.1.118
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
HAKEEM, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ALLMAN, J;MCLAUGHLIN, T;HAKEEM, A
在单目灵长类动物（眼镜猴、猴子、猿和人类）中，当身体大小的影响被消除时，大脑重量和最大寿命之间存在显著的相关性。在单目灵长类动物中，大脑重量与雌性首次繁殖的年龄也有显著的相关性。对于链状灵长类动物（懒猴和狐猴）来说，当身体大小的影响被移除时，脑重量与寿命或雌性生殖年龄之间没有显著的相关性。链氨酸灵长类动物缺乏相关性可能与这些灵长类动物是夜行动物和/或马达加斯加岛的土著动物有关，这两种条件都可能减少对资源的竞争和捕食压力。这些发现表明，在单灵长类动物中，控制大脑生长的遗传系统与控制生命周期的系统相关联，因此生命周期较长的物种拥有更大的大脑。当体重的影响被消除后，吃叶子的单眼鼠的大脑比吃其他食物的单眼鼠要小得多，寿命也短得多。如果不考虑体重的影响，后宫生活的独角兽的大脑也比部队生活的独角兽小得多，寿命也短得多。我们还试图通过确定基础代谢率高于其体型预期的灵长类动物的最大寿命是否比其体型预期的寿命短来测试生存率假设。当身体大小的影响被移除时，代谢率与寿命或女性第一次生育的年龄无关。
In haplorhine primates (tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans), there is a significant correlation between brain weight and maximum life-span when the effect of body size is removed. There is also a significant correlation in haplorhine primates between brain weight and female age at first reproduction. For strepsirhine primates (lorises and lemurs), there are no significant correlations between brain weight and either life-span or female reproductive age when the effect of body size is removed. This lack of correlation in strepsirhine primates may be related to the fact that these primates are nocturnal and/or natives of the island of Madagascar, both of which conditions may reduce competition for resources and predation pressure. These findings suggest that in haplorhine primates the genetic systems controlling brain growth are linked to the systems governing the life cycle so that species with longer cycles have larger brains. When the effect of body weight is removed, leaf-eating haplorhines have significantly smaller brains and shorter lives than haplorhines with other diets. Harem-living haplorhines also have significantly smaller brains and shorter life-spans than troop-living haplorhines when the effect of body weight is removed. We also sought to test the rate-of-living hypothesis by determining whether primates with basal metabolic rates that are higher than would be expected for their body size have shorter maximum life-spans than would be expected for their body size. Metabolic rate is not correlated with life-span or female age at first reproduction when the effect of body size is removed.