Women and work: an investigation of the association between health and employment status in middle-aged women.
Women and work: an investigation of the association between health and employment status in middle-aged women.
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妇女与工作：中年妇女健康与就业状况关系的调查。
DOI：
10.1016/0277-9536(84)90200-4
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McKinlay,S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennings,S;Mazaik,C;McKinlay,S
最近关于失业与健康之间关系的流行病学文献中出现了相当大的争议。最近的其他研究表明，妇女的就业状况与她们的身心健康之间存在关联。虽然这种联系的性质还有待具体说明，但鉴于过去几十年来劳动力参与率的急剧上升，它的重要性日益增加。本文分析了二十多年来美国首次大规模绝经流行病学研究的结果，包括从马萨诸塞州45-54岁妇女的一般人群中随机抽样（n= 8114，应答率= 77%）。在对研究的横断面阶段数据进行分析时，纳入了有薪就业妇女（69%）、全职家庭主妇（24%）和失业妇女（5%）或与失业配偶一起生活的妇女（2%）。各种措施和就业状况之间的比较报告，是社会人口变量和社会支持措施的干预效果。“健康的工人效应”的重要性，特别是对家庭主妇，进行了分析，最后，最近失业的妇女从第一轮的纵向阶段的研究的一个小的子样本进行了分析，以证明通过纵向设计获得更多的信息。
Considerable controversy has appeared in recent epidemiological literature on the association between unemployment and health. Other recent research suggests that there is an association between women's employment status and their physical and mental health. Although the nature of this association has still to be specified, it is of increasing importance given the dramatic rise in work force participation in the last few decades. This paper analyzes the results of the first large U.S. epidemiological study of the menopause in over two decades, comprising a random sample (n= 8114, response rate = 77%) from the general population of women aged 45–54 in Massachusetts. Women who were employed for pay (69%), full time homemakers (24%) and women who were unemployed themselves (5%) or living with an unemployed spouse (2%) were included in this analysis of data from the cross-sectional phase of the study. Comparisons between a variety of measures and employment status are reported, as are the intervening effects of sociodemographic variables and social support measures. The importance of the ‘healthy worker effect’, especially for homemakers, is analyzed, Finally, a small subsample of recently unemployed women from the first round of the longitudinal phase of the study is analyzed to demonstrate additional information to be gained through a longitudinal design.