Mechanisms of white matter changes induced by meditation
Mechanisms of white matter changes induced by meditation
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1207817109
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发表时间：
2012-06-26
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Posner, Michael I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tang, Yi-Yuan;Lu, Qilin;Posner, Michael I.
利用扩散张量成像，最近的几项研究表明，训练导致以分数各向异性(FA)衡量的白质效率的变化。在我们的工作中，我们发现一种形式的正念冥想，综合身心训练(IBMT)，在4周训练后，比起接受放松训练的对照组，改善了前扣带皮质周围区域的FA。径向弥散率(RD)的降低被解释为髓鞘的改善，但轴向弥散率(AD)的降低涉及其他机制，如轴突密度。我们现在报告，经过4周的IBMT训练后，RD和AD都减少并伴有FA的增加，这表明白质效率的提高涉及到髓鞘增加和其他轴突变化。然而，2周的IBMT减少了AD，但不能减少RD或FA，并改善了情绪。我们的结果证实了短期冥想中白质神经可塑性的时程变化。这种涉及前扣带回皮质的白质动态变化模式，可能为改善或预防精神障碍的干预提供一种手段。扣带前皮质是大脑网络中与自我调节相关的一部分。
Using diffusion tensor imaging, several recent studies have shown that training results in changes in white matter efficiency as measured by fractional anisotropy (FA). In our work, we found that a form of mindfulness meditation, integrative body-mind training (IBMT), improved FA in areas surrounding the anterior cingulate cortex after 4-wk training more than controls given relaxation training. Reductions in radial diffusivity (RD) have been interpreted as improved myelin but reductions in axial diffusivity (AD) involve other mechanisms, such as axonal density. We now report that after 4-wk training with IBMT, both RD and AD decrease accompanied by increased FA, indicating improved efficiency of white matter involves increased myelin as well as other axonal changes. However, 2-wk IBMT reduced AD, but not RD or FA, and improved moods. Our results demonstrate the time-course of white matter neuroplasticity in short-term meditation. This dynamic pattern of white matter change involving the anterior cingulate cortex, a part of the brain network related to self-regulation, could provide a means for intervention to improve or prevent mental disorders.