Impact of minimum unit pricing on alcohol purchases in Scotland and Wales: controlled interrupted time series analyses.
Impact of minimum unit pricing on alcohol purchases in Scotland and Wales: controlled interrupted time series analyses.
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DOI：
10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00052-9
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发表时间：
2021-08-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rehm, Jurgen
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文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson, Peter;O'Donnell, Amy;Rehm, Jurgen
背景：作为减少酒精消费及其危害的政策选择，苏格兰于 2018 年 5 月 1 日推出每单位酒精（8 克）销售 50 英镑 (p) 的最低价格；威尔士于 2020 年 3 月 2 日效仿，最低单价 (MUP) 相同。我们分析了基于条形码的家庭购买数据，以评估这些政策选择对苏格兰中期和威尔士的短期影响。方法：对于这些位置控制的、中断时间序列回归分析，数据源是Kantar WorldPanel的家庭购物小组，在我们分析时，该小组包括35242个英国家庭，提供了2015-18年和2020年上半年1·2400万次单独酒精购买的详细信息。在没有数据排除的情况下，我们分析了在苏格兰引入 MUP 的影响，以英格兰北部的购买为对照，在威尔士以英格兰西部为对照。研究的与 MUP 相关的变化包括每克酒精购买价格、购买酒精克数以及花在酒精上的金额。调查结果：在苏格兰，2020 年上半年维持了 2018 年引入 MUP 后的价格上涨和购买减少。2020 年苏格兰和英格兰北部之间的差异是每克价格上涨 0·741 p（95% CI 0·724-0·759），增加7·6%，每户每天每名成人购买酒精量减少7·063克（6·656-7·470），减少7·7%。在威尔士，MUP 的引入也取得了类似的结果。威尔士和英格兰西部之间的差异是，价格上涨了0·841，每克增加了0·841p（0·732-0·951），增加了8·2％，而每个家庭每天购买酒精的成人减少了7·052克（6·463-7·640），减少了8·6％。对于苏格兰和威尔士来说，酒精购买总量的减少主要限于购买酒精最多的家庭。 MUP 的推出与通常购买少量酒精的家庭（尤其是低收入家庭）的酒精支出增加无关。这些变化并未受到英国 2020 年 3 月 26 日实施的 COVID-19 限制措施的影响。解释：苏格兰和威尔士的可比结果加强了支持 MUP 积极、有针对性的影响的证据基础。 2018 年 MUP 对苏格兰的短期影响在 2020 年上半年得以维持。MUP 是减少非贸易酒精购买的有效酒精政策选择，应得到广泛考虑。资金：无。
BACKGROUND: As a policy option to reduce consumption of alcohol and the harm it does, on May 1, 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum price of 50 British pence (p) per unit of alcohol (8 g) sold; Wales followed suit on March 2, 2020, with the same minimum unit price (MUP). We analysed household purchase data based on bar codes to assess the impact of these policy options in the medium term for Scotland and in the immediate term for Wales.METHODS: For these location-controlled, interrupted time series regression analyses, the data source was Kantar WorldPanel's household shopping panel, which, at the time of our analysis, included 35242 British households providing detailed information on 1·24 million separate alcohol purchases in 2015-18 and the first half of 2020. With no data exclusions, we analysed the impact of introducing MUP in Scotland, using purchases in northern England as control, and in Wales, using western England as control. The studied changes associated with MUP were price paid per gram of alcohol purchased, grams of alcohol purchased, and amount of money spent on alcohol.FINDINGS: In Scotland, price increases and purchase decreases following the introduction of MUP in 2018 were maintained during the first half of 2020. The difference between Scotland and northern England in 2020 was a price increase of 0·741 p per gram (95% CI 0·724-0·759), a 7·6% increase, and a purchase decrease of 7·063 g per adult per household per day that an alcohol purchase was made (6·656-7·470), a 7·7% decrease. In Wales, the introduction of MUP led to similar results. The difference between Wales and western England was a price increase 0·841 of 0·841 p per gram (0·732-0·951), an 8·2% increase, and a purchase decrease of 7·052 g per adult per household per day that an alcohol purchase was made (6·463-7·640), an 8·6% decrease. For both Scotland and Wales, reductions in overall purchases of alcohol were largely restricted to households that bought the most alcohol. The introduction of MUP was not associated with an increased expenditure on alcohol by households that generally bought small amounts of alcohol and, in particular, those with low incomes. The changes were not affected by the introduction of COVID-19 confinement in the UK on March 26, 2020.INTERPRETATION: The evidence base supporting the positive, targeted impact of MUP is strengthened by the comparable results for Scotland and Wales. The short-term impact of MUP in Scotland during 2018 is maintained during the first half of 2020. MUP is an effective alcohol policy option to reduce off-trade purchases of alcohol and should be widely considered.FUNDING: None.