The effect of hypothalamic lesions on gonadotrophin release in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).
The effect of hypothalamic lesions on gonadotrophin release in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).
复制标题
下丘脑损伤对日本鹌鹑（Coturnix coturnix japonica）促性腺激素释放的影响。
DOI：
10.1159/000121861
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发表时间：
1969
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Sharp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Sharp
方法取30~40日龄成年雄性鸣禽，在日照6L-18D(上午9点至下午3点)的短光周期下孵化饲养。然后将这些鸟置于每天长达20L-4D的光周期(上午9点到5点)，持续10天，以刺激性腺发育。在光刺激的前10天，睾丸发育速率(K)是恒定的[FO LLETT和Farner，1966J]，可作为促性腺激素分泌的指标。Wt-Iog10 W0 k—----------------------------------------------t，其中WQ是静息睾丸重量(以mg为单位)，W是经过t天光刺激后的睾丸重量。电极由玻璃绝缘铂丝(直径0.1 mm)或不锈钢昆虫针(直径0.15 mm)制成，并用Bakelitc绝缘。在这两种情况下，电极都被绝缘到距离尖端0.1-0.2 mm的范围内。从正中线回缩皮肤后，在颅骨背侧表面用微型推进器上的钉子做一个适当的开口(直径0.7 mm)。然后，用一个电极取代针，检查立体定位坐标，然后电极向下丘脑底部下降一段预定的距离。然后通过从恒流源通过2-3 mA的直流电流10-20秒来产生损伤[Flem in G，1957]。阴极是放在腿部肌肉上的一个别针。通过试错法估计基础下丘脑的立体定位坐标。将电极放置在一系列鸟类的下丘脑中，并在用缓冲福尔马林灌流固定头部并用手矢状面切割后记录确切的位置。当电极尖端位于前正中隆起时，从微操作器获取读数。每次实验结束时(ic，光刺激10d后)，断头处死动物，解剖下丘脑，布氏液固定，石蜡包埋，10/t切片，醛品红染色。或者，一些下丘脑被冷冻干燥并用多聚甲醛蒸气处理[FAI。CK和Owman，1965；Sharp和Fo LLETT，1968)来可视化单胺。取新鲜睾丸称重，用冰醋酸-福尔马林-乙醇固定，切片和染色以确定精子发生的阶段。测定每只鸡的睾丸发育率(K)，并用学生t检验比较不同病变的不同组别的A值。记录每只鸟在光刺激前后的体重。
MethodsQuail were reared from hatch under a short daily photoperiod of 6L-18D (lights on from 9 am to 3 pm), lesions being placed in the hypothalamus of adult males at 30—40 days of age. The birds were then placed on a long daily photoperiod of 20L-4D (lights on from 9 am to 5 am) for 10 days to stimulate gonadal development. The rate (k) of testicular development is constant for the first 10 days of photostimulation [FO LLETT and Farner, 1966J and can be used as an index of gonadotrophin secretion. It is expressed by:, log,„Wt-Iog10 W0 k—----------------------------------------------t where WQis the resting testicular weight (in mg) and W, is the testicular weight after t days of photostimulation.The birds were anaesthetised with an ip injection of Nembutal (4.5 mg/100 g) and held in a stereotaxic instrument similar to that described by MCF A RLA ND and WILSON [1965). Electrodes were made cither from glass insulated platinum wire (diameter 0.1 mm) or stainless steel insect pins (diameter 0.15 mm) insulated with Bakelitc. In both cases, electrodes were insulated to within 0.1-0.2 mm of the tip. After retracting the skin from the mid-line, an appropriate opening (diameter 0.7 mm) was made in the dorsal surface of the skull with a pin held in the micromani pulator. The pin was then replaced by an electrode, the stereotaxic co-ordinates checked, and the electrode lowered a predetermined distance into the basal hypothalamus. A lesion was then created by passing a DC current of 2-3mA for 10-20 sec from a constant current supply [FLEM IN G, 1957]. The cathode was a pin placed in a leg muscle. The stereotaxic co-ordinates for the basal hypothalamus were estimated by trial and error. An electrode was placed in the hypothalamus of a series of birds and the exact position noted after fixing the head by perfusion with buffered formalin and cutting sagittally by hand. Readings were taken from the micromanipulator when the tip of the electrode was located in the anterior median eminence. At the end of each experiment (ic, after 10 days’ photostimuiation), birds were killed by decapitation, the hypothalamus dissected, fixed in Bouin’s solution, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 10/t, and stained with aldehyde fuchsin. Alternatively, a number of the hypothalami were freeze-dried and treated with paraformaldehyde vapour [FAI. CK and Owman, 1965; Sharp and Fo LLETT, 1968) to visualize monoamines. The testes were weighed fresh and then fixed in acetic acid-formalin-ethanol for subsequent sectioning and staining to ascertain the stage of spermatogenesis. The rate (k) of testicular develop ment was determined for each bird and Student’st test used to compare the values of A in the various groups with different lesions. Body weight was recorded for each bird before and after photostimuiation.