Informing rational design of graphene oxide through surface chemistry manipulations: properties governing electrochemical and biological activities
Informing rational design of graphene oxide through surface chemistry manipulations: properties governing electrochemical and biological activities
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DOI：
10.1039/c7gc00159b
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Yan Wang;Leanne M. Gilbertson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yan Wang;Leanne M. Gilbertson
人们越来越认识到，合理的设计对于推进碳纳米材料（CNM）的潜在应用和主动排除不利后果至关重要。这种方法的核心是建立参数关系，将材料特性与其功能性能和固有危险相关联。这项工作旨在解耦材料结构和表面化学的致病机制，因为它与氧化石墨烯（GO）的电化学和生物活性有关。结果是在表面化学和氧功能化多壁碳纳米管（O-MWCNT）（一种碳同素异形体）之间已建立的关系的背景下进行评估的。通过热退火（惰性条件下，200-900°C）实现GO表面化学的系统控制。为了进一步阐明几种特性的贡献，化学还原也被用作差异化表面化学的方法。使用多种技术（AFM、TGA、XPS、ATR-FTIR、拉曼和 DLS）对 GO 和还原 GO (rGO) 样品的物理化学性质进行了全面表征。结果表明，表面化学是控制这两种活动的可行设计方法。它不是单一的直接性质（即含羰基部分的相对存在），而是多种间接性质（分散程度、缺陷密度和电导率）与羰基部分的相对存在相结合的平衡，协同促进电化学和生物活性。这些控制物理化学特性的识别旨在为设计参数的建立提供信息，以指导 CNM 的合理和安全设计。
It is increasingly realized that rational design is critical to advance potential applications and proactively preclude adverse consequences of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). Central to this approach is the establishment of parametric relationships that correlate material properties to both their functional performance and inherent hazard. This work aims to decouple the causative mechanisms of material structure and surface chemistry as it relates to the electrochemical and biological activities of graphene oxide (GO). The results are evaluated in the context of established relationships between surface chemistry and oxygen functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (O-MWCNTs), a carbon allotrope. Systematic manipulation of GO surface chemistry is achieved through thermal annealing (under inert conditions, 200–900 °C). To further elucidate the contribution of several properties, chemical reduction was also used as an approach to differentially modify the surface chemistry. Physicochemical properties of GO and reduced GO (rGO) samples were comprehensively characterized using multiple techniques (AFM, TGA, XPS, ATR-FTIR, Raman, and DLS). The results indicate that surface chemistry is a viable design handle to control both activities. Rather than a single direct property (i.e., relative presence of carbonyl-containing moieties), it is a balance of multiple consequential properties, (extent of dispersion, defect density, and electrical conductivity) in combination with the relative presence of carbonyl moieties that synergistically contribute to electrochemical and biological activities. The identification of these governing physicochemical properties aims to inform the establishment of design parameters to guide the rational and safe design of CNMs.