Reactive p-block cations stabilized by weakly coordinating anions.
Reactive p-block cations stabilized by weakly coordinating anions.
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DOI：
10.1039/c5cs00672d
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发表时间：
2016-02-21
影响因子：
46.2
通讯作者：
Krossing I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Engesser TA;Lichtenthaler MR;Schleep M;Krossing I
p区元素的化学是基础和应用工作的巨大游乐场。p区元素的化学是基础和应用工作的巨大游乐场。由于它们从缺电子成键到超配和高价，p区元素代表了一个未知的领域。通常情况下，需要形成含有p区元素作为中心成分的阳离子，例如，为了使化合物具有更强的刘易斯酸，用于应用或仅仅是为了证明一个想法。本综述收集了自2000年以来发表的反应性p-阻滞阳离子（rPBC），但包括早期工作的里程碑和关键引用。我们概述了用于稳定rPBC的弱配位阴离子（WCA），概述了WCA的选择，形成rbc的电离策略，并列出了从13到18按各自组排序的rPBC。然而，典型的，通常是构成离子液体（咪唑，铵等）的更多有机离子类别被省略了，那些不符合-自然主观-“反应性”- rPBC标准的离子也被省略了。通常，我们只收录有晶体结构的rPBC，很少提及没有晶体结构的重要阳离子。这个集合的目的是为那些仅仅对已经做了什么或可能做什么感兴趣的人，以及那些就准备问题寻求建议的人，直到那些有特定应用程序的人，其中关于rPBC存在的知识可能起到中介或活动中心的作用可能是有用的。
The chemistry of the p-block elements is a huge playground for fundamental and applied work. The chemistry of the p-block elements is a huge playground for fundamental and applied work. With their bonding from electron deficient to hypercoordinate and formally hypervalent, the p-block elements represent an area to find terra incognita. Often, the formation of cations that contain p-block elements as central ingredient is desired, for example to make a compound more Lewis acidic for an application or simply to prove an idea. This review has collected the reactive p-block cations (rPBC) with a comprehensive focus on those that have been published since the year 2000, but including the milestones and key citations of earlier work. We include an overview on the weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) used to stabilize the rPBC and give an overview to WCA selection, ionization strategies for rPBC-formation and finally list the rPBC ordered in their respective group from 13 to 18. However, typical, often more organic ion classes that constitute for example ionic liquids (imidazolium, ammonium, etc.) were omitted, as were those that do not fulfill the – naturally subjective – “reactive”-criterion of the rPBC. As a rule, we only included rPBC with crystal structure and only rarely refer to important cations published without crystal structure. This collection is intended for those who are simply interested what has been done or what is possible, as well as those who seek advice on preparative issues, up to people having a certain application in mind, where the knowledge on the existence of a rPBC that might play a role as an intermediate or active center may be useful.