INTERACTION BETWEEN CHEMICALS AND MELANIN
INTERACTION BETWEEN CHEMICALS AND MELANIN
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0749.1993.tb00591.x
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发表时间：
1993-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
LARSSON, BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LARSSON, BS
各种药物和其他化学品，如有机胺、金属、多环芳烃等，与黑色素结合并长时间保留在色素组织中。这种结合的生理意义并不明显，但有人认为黑色素通过吸附潜在的有害物质来保护色素细胞和邻近组织，然后以无毒浓度缓慢释放。另一方面，长期接触可能会积累大量的有毒化学物质，储存在黑色素上，最终可能导致含黑色素细胞的变性，以及周围组织的继发性病变。在前夕，例如，而在内耳中，色素细胞位于受体细胞附近，黑色素结合可能是某些眼和内耳病变发展的重要因素。在大脑中，神经黑色素存在于锥体外系的神经细胞中，某些神经毒剂的黑色素亲和力可能与帕金森综合征和迟发性运动障碍的发展有关。近年来，已经发现各种致癌化合物在实验动物的色素细胞中选择性地积累，并且有许多迹象表明这些药剂的黑色素亲和力与恶性黑色素瘤的诱导之间存在联系。
Various drugs and other chemicals, such as organic amines, metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., are bound to melanin and retained in pigmented tissues for long periods. The physiological significance of the binding is not evident, but it has been suggested that the melanin protects the pigmented cells and adjacent tissues by adsorbing potentially harmful substances, which then are slowly released in nontoxic concentrations. Long-term exposure, on the other hand, may build up high levels of noxious chemicals, stored on the melanin, which ultimately may cause degeneration in the melanin-containing cells, and secondary lesions in surrounding tissues. In the eve, e.g., and in the inner ear, the pigmented cells are located close to the receptor cells, and melanin binding may be an important factor in the development of some ocular and inner ear lesions. In the brain, neuromelanin is present in nerve cells in the extrapyramidal system, and the melanin affinity of certain neurotoxic agents may be involved in the development of parkinsonism, and possibly tardive dyskinesia. In recent years, various carcinogenic compounds have been found to accumulate selectively in the pigment cells of experimental animals, and there are many indications of a connection between the melanin affinity of these agents and the induction of malignant melanoma.