CARAMEL-gas: A Step toward Fast Empirical Models of the Broad-line-emitting Gas
CARAMEL-gas: A Step toward Fast Empirical Models of the Broad-line-emitting Gas
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ac8164
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Williams;T. Treu
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文献类型：
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作者：
P. Williams;T. Treu
宽发射线区域（BLR）的快速经验模型是解释速度分辨混响映射（RM）数据，估计超大质量黑洞质量，并深入了解其几何和运动学的强大工具。到目前为止，大部分的努力都是致力于描述一次一条发射线的发射率。我们在这里提出了一种替代方法，旨在描述底层的BLR气体分布，通过利用简单的数值配方连接它与发射率。这种方法是一个步骤来描述多个发射线源自同一种气体，使我们能够澄清一些问题，RM数据的解释。我们使用三个数据集来说明这种方法-在代码CARAMEL-气体中实现-覆盖Hβ发射线（Mrk 50，Mrk 1511，阿普151），这些数据集已经使用基于发射率的代码版本进行了建模。正如预期的那样，我们发现描述BLR气体和发射率分布的参数存在差异，但发射率加权滞后测量和所有其他模型参数（包括黑洞质量和整体BLR形态和运动学）与以前的测量结果一致。我们还使用基于气体和发射率的BLR模型模拟了阿普151的Hα发射线。我们发现BLR中的电离分层，Hα比Hβ在更大的半径处出现，而所有其他模型参数在不确定性范围内是一致的。
Fast empirical models of the broad emission line region (BLR) are a powerful tool to interpret velocity-resolved reverberation mapping (RM) data, estimate the mass of the supermassive black holes, and gain insight into its geometry and kinematics. Much of the effort so far has been devoted to describing the emissivity of one emission line at a time. We present here an alternative approach aimed at describing the underlying BLR gas distribution, by exploiting simple numerical recipes to connect it with emissivity. This approach is a step toward describing multiple emission lines originating from the same gas and allows us to clarify some issues related to the interpretation of RM data. We illustrate this approach—implemented in the code CARAMEL-gas—using three data sets covering the Hβ emission line (Mrk 50, Mrk 1511, Arp 151) that have been modeled using the emissivity-based version of the code. As expected, we find differences in the parameters describing the BLR gas and emissivity distribution, but the emissivity-weighted lag measurements and all other model parameters including black hole mass and overall BLR morphology and kinematics are consistent with the previous measurements. We also model the Hα emission line for Arp 151 using both the gas- and emissivity-based BLR models. We find ionization stratification in the BLR with Hα arising at larger radii than Hβ, while all other model parameters are consistent within the uncertainties.