A dual-route approach to orthographic processing.
A dual-route approach to orthographic processing.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00054
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ziegler JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grainger J;Ziegler JC
在本理论笔记中，我们研究了不同的学习约束，被认为是参与优化映射的印刷品意义在阅读收购，可能会塑造的性质，涉及熟练的阅读的正字法代码。一方面，优化被假设涉及选择对词身份信息最丰富的字母组合（诊断约束），另一方面涉及检测与预先存在的子词汇语音和形态表示相对应的字母组合（组块约束）。这两个约束导致了两种不同的前词法正字法代码，粗粒度和细粒度的代码，与双路由架构的两条路由相关联。沿着粗粒度路线的处理通过使用最小的字母子集来优化对语义的快速访问，所述最小的字母子集最大化关于单词身份的信息，同时独立于字母邻接对近似的单词内字母位置进行编码。另一方面，沿着细粒度路径的处理对字母的精确排序以及相对于单词开头和结尾的位置很敏感。这使得频繁共现的连续字母组合，形成相关的单位形态-正字法处理（前缀和后缀）和印刷品的子词汇翻译的声音（多字母字素）的组块。
In the present theoretical note we examine how different learning constraints, thought to be involved in optimizing the mapping of print to meaning during reading acquisition, might shape the nature of the orthographic code involved in skilled reading. On the one hand, optimization is hypothesized to involve selecting combinations of letters that are the most informative with respect to word identity (diagnosticity constraint), and on the other hand to involve the detection of letter combinations that correspond to pre-existing sublexical phonological and morphological representations (chunking constraint). These two constraints give rise to two different kinds of prelexical orthographic code, a coarse-grained and a fine-grained code, associated with the two routes of a dual-route architecture. Processing along the coarse-grained route optimizes fast access to semantics by using minimal subsets of letters that maximize information with respect to word identity, while coding for approximate within-word letter position independently of letter contiguity. Processing along the fined-grained route, on the other hand, is sensitive to the precise ordering of letters, as well as to position with respect to word beginnings and endings. This enables the chunking of frequently co-occurring contiguous letter combinations that form relevant units for morpho-orthographic processing (prefixes and suffixes) and for the sublexical translation of print to sound (multi-letter graphemes).
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