MATERNAL EFFECTS ON OFFSPRING DEPEND ON FEMALE MATING PATTERN AND OFFSPRING ENVIRONMENT IN YELLOW DUNG FLIES
MATERNAL EFFECTS ON OFFSPRING DEPEND ON FEMALE MATING PATTERN AND OFFSPRING ENVIRONMENT IN YELLOW DUNG FLIES
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00264.x
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发表时间：
2003-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Tregenza;N. Wedell;D. Hosken;P. Ward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Tregenza;N. Wedell;D. Hosken;P. Ward
摘要在一些物种中，多次交配对雌性的直接成本和收益已经被证明对雌性生殖力和寿命有很大的影响。然而，除了研究一妻多夫制的遗传益处外，很少有人注意到雌性多次交配对后代可能产生的影响。我们建议，最好在相同的背景下，其他母亲的表型对后代的影响，即使在缺乏父母照顾的物种是众所周知的，母亲交配对后代的适应性的非遗传影响。因此，交配可以对后代施加影响，以同样的方式作为其他母亲的环境变量，并可能与这种影响相互作用。我们进行了一项研究，使用黄粪蝇（Scathophaga stercoraria），在其中我们独立操纵女性交配率，交配数量和产妇的热环境，并测量随后的繁殖力，孵化成功率，后代的生活史特征。为了区分交配的直接影响和一妻多夫制的潜在遗传益处，我们在三种不同的温度制度下分割育雏和饲养后代。这使我们能够证明，虽然我们不能检测到任何简单的利益或成本交配，有影响的母体环境对后代和这些影响与女性交配制度影响后代的健身。雌性表型与交配的成本和收益之间的这种相互作用对理解雌性行为具有潜在的广泛意义。
Abstract Direct costs and benefits to females of multiple mating have been shown to have large effects on female fecundity and longevity in several species. However, with the exception of studies examining genetic benefits of polyandry, little attention has been paid to the possible effects on offspring of multiple mating by females. We propose that nongenetic effects of maternal matings on offspring fitness are best viewed in the same context as other maternal phenotype effects on offspring that are well known even in species lacking parental care. Hence, matings can exert effects on offspring in the same way as other maternal environment variables, and are likely to interact with such effects. We have conducted a study using yellow dung flies (Scathophaga stercoraria), in which we independently manipulated female mating rate, number of mates and maternal thermal environment and measured subsequent fecundity, hatching success, and offspring life-history traits. To distinguish between direct effects of matings and potential genetic benefits of polyandry we split broods and reared offspring at three different temperature regimes. This allowed us to demonstrate that although we could not detect any simple benefits or costs to matings, there are effects of maternal environment on offspring and these effects interact with female mating regime affecting offspring fitness. Such interactions between female phenotype and the costs and benefits of matings have potentially broad implications for understanding female behavior.