The Flaring TESS Objects of Interest: Flare Rates for all Two Minute Cadence TESS Planet Candidates
The Flaring TESS Objects of Interest: Flare Rates for all Two Minute Cadence TESS Planet Candidates
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感兴趣的耀斑 TESS 天体：所有两分钟节奏 TESS 行星候选者的耀斑率
DOI：
10.1093/mnrasl/slac024
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
W. Howard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Howard
尽管已对 5000 多个 TESS 感兴趣天体进行了编目，但尚未对其主恒星的耀斑率进行全面调查。我们使用 2 分钟节奏光变曲线对所有 2250 个未退役 TOI 进行了第一次耀斑调查，以测量或设置其耀斑率上限。我们发现 93 颗候选恒星围绕耀斑星运行，并测量了它们的耀斑频率分布。在整个样本中，TOI <1.5R_Earth 轨道耀斑恒星的频率高于 TOI 1.5<R<2.75R_Earth、2.75<R<4R_Earth 或 R<4R_Earth。我们根据耀斑率/上限、恒星质量和距离对所有 TOI 宿主恒星进行排序，以创建耀斑排名指标 (FRM)，以确定后续的适合性。然后根据透射光谱中大气特征的预期信噪比检查每个 TOI 的 FRM，以找到最有希望的目标。我们发现 1/4 的类地 M 矮行星适合透射光谱轨道耀斑恒星。然而，目前类地行星的 M 矮星宿主中没有一颗的耀斑程度足以导致 99.9% 以上的大气臭氧消耗。我们将主星耀斑率的第一个上限给出为TOI 700 d，并探索了诸如DS Tuc Ab等年轻行星上的耀斑率事件。
Although more than 5000 TESS Objects of Interest have been cataloged, no comprehensive survey of the flare rates of their host stars exists. We perform the first flare survey of all 2250 non-retired TOIs with 2 min cadence light curves to measure or place upper limits on their flare rates. We find 93 candidates orbit flare stars and measure their flare frequency distributions. Across the sample, TOIs of<1.5R_Earth orbit flare stars more frequently than do TOIs of 1.5<R<2.75R_Earth, 2.75<R<4R_Earth, or R<4R_Earth. We sort all TOI host stars by their flare rate/upper limit, stellar mass, and distance to create a flare ranking metric (FRM) to determine suitability for follow-up. The FRM of each TOI is then checked against the expected signal-to-noise of atmospheric features in transmission spectroscopy to locate the most promising targets. We find 1/4 of terrestrial M-dwarf planets amenable to transmission spectroscopy orbit flare stars. However, none of the M-dwarf hosts to terrestrial planets are currently flaring at sufficient levels for>99.9% atmospheric ozone depletion. We give the first upper limits on the flare rate of the host star to TOI 700 d and explore the flare rates incident on young planets such as DS Tuc Ab.