Economic Impact of Tobacco Price Increases Through Taxation A Community Guide Systematic Review
Economic Impact of Tobacco Price Increases Through Taxation A Community Guide Systematic Review
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2015.04.026
复制
发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Fielding, Jonathan E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Contreary, Kara A.;Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.;Fielding, Jonathan E.
背景：烟草使用是美国和世界各地可预防死亡的主要原因。通过提高税收提高烟草价格是一种有效的干预措施，既可以减少人口的烟草使用，又可以增加政府收入。本文的目的是回顾通过征税提高烟草价格的经济影响的证据，重点关注可能的医疗保健成本节约和员工生产力的提高。证据获取：检索涵盖了2000年1月至2012年7月以英文发表的研究，包括对国家、州、以及高收入国家通过提高税收来提高任何类型烟草产品价格的地方政策。采用《社区预防服务指南》的经济学评价方法对纳入研究进行筛选和摘要。对经济影响估计进行了标准化，以总结现有证据。证据综合：该综述包括8项建模研究，其中7项提供了对医疗成本影响的估计，3项提供了对生产力提高价值的估计。只有一项研究提供了干预费用的估计数。通过税收的烟草产品价格上涨的经济效益是确定从一个保守的20%的价格increases.Conclusions人均年成本节约的整体证据：证据表明，干预措施，提高烟草产品的单位价格通过税收产生大量的医疗保健成本节约，并可以产生额外的收益，提高工作场所的生产力。
Context: Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable death in the U.S. and around the world. Increasing tobacco price through higher taxes is an effective intervention both to reduce tobacco use in the population and generate government revenues. The goal of this paper is to review evidence on the economic impact of tobacco price increases through taxation with a focus on the likely healthcare cost savings and improvements in employee productivity.Evidence acquisition: The search covered studies published in English from January 2000 to July 2012 and included evaluations of national, state, and local policies to increase the price of any type of tobacco product by raising taxes in high-income countries. Economic review methods developed for The Guide to Community Preventive Services were used to screen and abstract included studies. Economic impact estimates were standardized to summarize the available evidence. Analyses were conducted in 2012.Evidence synthesis: The review included eight modeling studies, with seven providing estimates of the impact on healthcare costs and three providing estimates of the value of productivity gains. Only one study provided an estimate of intervention costs. The economic merit of tobacco product price increases through taxation was determined from the overall body of evidence on per capita annual cost savings from a conservative 20% price increase.Conclusions: The evidence indicates that interventions that raise the unit price of tobacco products through taxes generate substantial healthcare cost savings and can generate additional gains from improved productivity in the workplace.