Consumer lifestyle approach to US energy use and the related CO2 emissions
Consumer lifestyle approach to US energy use and the related CO2 emissions
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DOI：
10.1016/s0301-4215(03)00210-6
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Dowlatabadi, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bin, S;Dowlatabadi, H
从历史上看，部门方法(基于工业、交通、商业和住宅部门)塑造了我们框架和分析节能和二氧化碳减排问题的方式。然而，这种部门分类在揭示消费者活动对能源使用及其相关环境影响的总体影响方面能力有限。在本文中，我们提出了另一种范式，称为消费者生活方式方法(CLA)，以探索美国消费者活动与环境影响之间的关系。基于我们方法的估计显示，美国80%以上的能源消耗和二氧化碳排放是消费者需求和支持这些需求的经济活动的结果。消费者活动(家庭能源使用和个人旅行)的直接影响占美国GDP的4%，但分别占美国能源消耗和二氧化碳排放的28%和41%。间接影响(如住房业务、交通业务、食品和服装)涉及的直接能源消耗和二氧化碳排放是直接影响的两倍以上。直接和间接能源使用和排放的特征对于设计更有效的能源和二氧化碳排放政策至关重要。它还可能有助于削弱“他们与我们”(工业污染者与消费者)的错误二分法，即控制能源使用和二氧化碳排放的责任中心。(C)2003爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Historically, a sectoral approach (based on the industrial, transportation, commercial, and residential sectors) has shaped the way we frame and analyze issues of energy conservation and CO2 mitigation. This sectoral categorization, however, is limited in its capacity to reveal the total impacts of consumer activities on energy use and its related environmental impacts. In this paper, we propose an alternative paradigm, called the Consumer Lifestyle Approach (CLA), to explore the relationship between consumer activities and environmental impacts in the US. Estimates based on our methodology reveal that more than 80% of the energy used and the CO2 emitted in the US are a consequence of consumer demands and the economic activities to support these demands. Direct influences due to consumer activities (home energy use and personal travel) Lire 4% of the US GDP, but account for 28% and 41% of US energy use and CO2 emissions, respectively. Indirect influences (such as housing operations, transportation operations, food, and apparel) involve more than twice the direct energy use and CO2 emissions. Characterization of both direct and indirect energy use and emissions is critical to the design of more effective energy and CO2 emission policies. It may also help erode the false dichotomy of "them versus us" (industrial polluters versus consumers) references to the locus of responsibility for control of energy use and CO2 emissions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.