The Discursive Construction of History: Remembering the Wehrmacht's War of Annihilation
The Discursive Construction of History: Remembering the Wehrmacht's War of Annihilation
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历史的话语建构：纪念国防军的歼灭战
DOI：
10.1093/ehr/ceq176
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Moeller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Moeller
纳粹原则和士兵在多大程度上接受国家社会主义意识形态的明显证据。马诺切克还总结了1982年的一项调查结果，该调查名为“第二次世界大战中的奥地利人”，该调查提供的证据表明，许多士兵并不完全反对加入“希特勒心甘情愿的刽子手”，并揭示了一支几乎不是“纯洁的”德国国防军。在对20世纪70年代和80年代关于斯大林格勒的纪录片的分析中，波拉克找到了证据，证明至少有一些奥地利士兵热情地接受了国家社会主义。尽管如此，这些不同的说法仍然是一种普遍看法的例外，人们普遍认为德国国防军只是服从命令，在不情愿地参加‘希特勒战争’的同时，试图保卫海马特人。当这场名为《歼灭战争》的巡回展览抵达奥地利时，人们对它的负面反应就清楚地表明了这些信念仍然被广泛持有。贡献者不遗余力地阐述了支撑他们作品的理论假设，读者将发现许多关于如何研究集体记忆和如何评估“漫无边际的历史建构”的有用信息。鉴于他们最关心的是如何民主和多元化
Nazi principles and striking evidence of the extent to which soldiers embraced National Socialist ideology. Manoschek also summarises the results of a 1982 survey,‘Austrians in the Second World War’, which provides evidence that many soldiers were not entirely averse to joining ‘Hitler’s willing executioners’, and reveal a Wehrmacht that was hardly ‘untainted’. And in his analysis of documentary films about Stalingrad from the 1970s and 1980s, Pollak finds testimony which provides evidence that at least some Austrian soldiers enthusiastically embraced National Socialism. Still, these alternative accounts remained exceptions to the widespread belief that the Wehrmacht had done little more than follow orders, seeking to defend the Heimat while participating reluctantly in ‘Hitler’s War’. How widely held these beliefs remain was clear in the negative response to the travelling exhibition,‘War of Annihilation’, when it reached Austria.The contributors go to great lengths to lay out the theoretical assumptions that underlie their work, and readers will find much that is useful about how to study collective memory and how to assess the ‘discursive construction of history’. Given that their central concern is ‘how democratic and pluralistic