Evidence for changes in carbon isotopic fractionation by phytoplankton between 1960 and 2010

Evidence for changes in carbon isotopic fractionation by phytoplankton between 1960 and 2010
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1960 年至 2010 年间浮游植物碳同位素分馏变化的证据

DOI:
10.1002/gbc.20045
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Young J
Young J
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Young J

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预计不断上升的二氧化碳将导致海洋表面无数的环境变化。破译浮游植物对这种复杂变化的反应是困难的。在这里,我们确定了稳定碳同位素(εp)的生物分馏在过去50年中是否发生了趋势。ε π主要受无机碳的获取和细胞内运输以及碳固定速率的控制。反过来,这些过程对浮游植物生理,群落组成,特别是无机碳有效性敏感。因此ε可能带有对气候变化作出生物反应的信号。通过颗粒有机质稳定碳同位素组成(δ13CPOC)与环境无机碳库稳定碳同位素组成(δ13CCO2)的差异,可以破译εp的时空记录。本文建立了从20世纪60年代至今的全球δ 13cpoc实测数据集和部分实测/部分气候学δ13CCO2数据集的εp变化记录。研究发现,自20世纪60年代以来,中低纬度表层海洋的ε相发生了显著变化。这一增长在亚热带地区最为明显,估计为每年0.0.015‰。我们关于这种变化率的发现得到了来自百慕大附近一个沉积物圈闭的高分辨率时间记录的进一步支持。我们的研究结果与ε π受到大气中二氧化碳增加所导致的无机碳可用性增加的影响的观点是一致的。
Rising CO2is expected to drive a myriad of environmental changes in the surface ocean. Deciphering the phytoplankton response to this complex change is difficult. Here we determine whether a trend in the biological fractionation of stable carbon isotopes (εp) has occurred over the past 50 years.εpis primarily controlled by the acquisition and intracellular transport of inorganic carbon and the rate of carbon fixation. In turn, these processes are sensitive to phytoplankton physiology, community composition, and notably inorganic carbon availability.εpmay therefore carry a signal of biological response to climate change. Temporal and spatial records ofεpcan be deciphered from the difference between the stable carbon isotopic composition of particulate organic matter (δ13CPOC) and that of the ambient inorganic carbon pool (δ13CCO2). Here we establish a global record ofεpextending from the 1960s to today, extracted from a newly compiled data set of global measured δ13CPOCand part measured/part climatology δ13CCO2. We find thatεphas changed significantly since the 1960s in the low‐ to mid‐latitude surface ocean. The increase is most pronounced in the subtropics, where it is estimated at > 0.015‰ per year. Our findings of such rates of change are further supported by a high resolution temporal record from a single sediment trap near Bermuda. Our results are consistent with the idea thatεpis affected by increased inorganic carbon availability driven by the rise in atmospheric CO2.
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