Epigenetic mechanisms in the endosperm and their consequences for the evolution of flowering plants
Epigenetic mechanisms in the endosperm and their consequences for the evolution of flowering plants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.04.004
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kradolfer, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kohler, Claudia;Kradolfer, David
对于查尔斯·达尔文来说，被子植物突然崛起并占据生态主导地位是一个“令人厌恶的谜团”，从那时起，理解潜在的进化驱动力一直是一个科学挑战。认识到多倍化是植物物种形成的一个重要因素可能是解开这个谜团的关键，我们将讨论这一现象背后的可能机制。多倍体化在胚乳中产生了直接的繁殖障碍，表明胚乳在防止倍体间杂交方面具有重要但被大大低估的作用。亲本特异性基因表达很大程度上局限于胚乳，这为胚乳的剂量敏感性提供了解释。在这里，我们回顾了导致胚乳剂量敏感性的表观遗传机制、它们对提高倍性和种间杂交障碍的可能后果及其对开花植物进化的影响。本文是题为“表观遗传控制”的特刊的一部分。 (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
The sudden rise of angiosperms to ecological dominance was an "abominable mystery" to Charles Darwin, and understanding the underlying evolutionary driving force has remained a scientific challenge since then. The recognition of polyploidization as an important factor for plant speciation is likely to hold a key to this mystery and we will discuss possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Polyploidization raises an immediate reproductive barrier in the endosperm, pointing towards an important but greatly underestimated role of the endosperm in preventing interploidy hybridizations. Parent-of-origin-specific gene expression is largely restricted to the endosperm, providing an explanation for the dosage sensitivity of the endosperm. Here, we review epigenetic mechanisms causing endosperm dosage sensitivity, their possible consequences for raising interploidy and interspecies hybridization barriers and their impact on flowering plant evolution. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Epigenetic Control. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.