Seasonal variability in environmental tobacco smoke exposure in public housing developments.
Seasonal variability in environmental tobacco smoke exposure in public housing developments.
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DOI：
10.1111/ina.12121
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发表时间：
2015-02
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Levy DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arku RE;Adamkiewicz G;Vallarino J;Spengler JD;Levy DE
在高收入国家，吸烟和接触二手烟的风险是造成疾病负担的主要因素。最近的研究和政策的重点是减少多单元住房（MUH），特别是公共住房中的SHS暴露。我们研究了位于波士顿房屋管理局（BHA）物业的室内公共区域内SHS水平的季节性模式。在2012年夏季和2013年冬季，我们测量了六栋不同建筑和居住者特征的建筑物中每周综合和连续细颗粒物（PM2.5）和被动空气中尼古丁。所有六个开发项目的每周室内PM2.5平均浓度为9.2μg/m3，冬季监测期间（10.3 μg/m3）高于夏季（8.0 μg/m3）。空气中尼古丁浓度从未检测到到约5000 ng/m3（平均310.7 ng/m3）。尼古丁水平在冬季明显高于夏季（620.0对85.0 ng/m3; 95% CI: 71.7 - 998.2）。波士顿公共住房内与吸烟有关的暴露因季节、建筑类型和居民吸烟政策而异。我们的研究结果表明，暴露差异可能导致低收入社区的健康差异，并强调了在室外-室内交换率较低且吸烟者可能倾向于呆在室内的冬季减少SHS暴露的潜在重要性。我们的研究结果支持使用无烟政策作为消除SHS暴露的有效工具，并保护非吸烟者，特别是MUH居民。
The risk of tobacco smoking and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure combined are the leading contributors to disease burden in high-income countries. Recent studies and policies are focusing on reducing exposure to SHS in multiunit housing (MUH), especially public housing. We examined seasonal patterns of SHS levels within indoor common areas located on Boston Housing Authority (BHA) properties. We measured weekly integrated and continuous fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and passive airborne nicotine in six buildings of varying building and occupant characteristics in summer 2012 and winter 2013. The average weekly indoor PM2.5 concentration across all six developments was 9.2μg/m3, higher during winter monitoring period (10.3 μg/m3) compared to summer (8.0 μg/m3). Airborne nicotine concentrations ranged from no detection to about 5000 ng/m3 (mean 310.7 ng/m3). Nicotine levels were significantly higher in the winter compared to summer (620.0 vs. 85.0 ng/m3; 95% CI: 71.7 – 998.2). Smoking related exposures within Boston public housing vary by season, building types, and resident smoking policy. Our results represent exposure disparities which may contribute to health disparities in low-income communities, and highlight the potential importance of efforts to mitigate SHS exposures during winter when outdoor-indoor exchange rates are low and smokers may tend to stay indoors. Our findings support the use of smoke-free policy as an effective tool to eliminate SHS exposure, and protect nonsmokers, especially residents of MUH.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Gehring, U.;Leaderer, B. P.;Brunekreef, B.
通讯作者：
Brunekreef, B.
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Lim, Stephen S.;Vos, Theo;Flaxman, Abraham D.;Danaei, Goodarz;Shibuya, Kenji;Adair-Rohani, Heather;Amann, Markus;Anderson, H. Ross;Andrews, Kathryn G.;Aryee, Martin;Atkinson, Charles;Bacchus, Loraine J.;Bahalim, Adil N.;Balakrishnan, Kalpana;Balmes, John;Barker-Collo, Suzanne;Baxter, Amanda;Bell, Michelle L.;Blore, Jed D.;Blyth, Fiona;Bonner, Carissa;Borges, Guilherme;Bourne, Rupert;Boussinesq, Michel;Brauer, Michael;Brooks, Peter;Bruce, Nigel G.;Brunekreef, Bert;Bryan-Hancock, Claire;Bucello, Chiara;Buchbinder, Rachelle;Bull, Fiona;Burnett, Richard T.;Byers, Tim E.;Calabria, Bianca;Carapetis, Jonathan;Carnahan, Emily;Chafe, Zoe;Charlson, Fiona;Chen, Honglei;Chen, Jian Shen;Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann;Child, Jennifer Christine;Cohen, Aaron;Colson, K. Ellicott;Cowie, Benjamin C.;Darby, Sarah;Darling, Susan;Davis, Adrian;Degenhardt, Louisa;Dentener, Frank;Des Jarlais, Don C.;Devries, Karen;Dherani, Mukesh;Ding, Eric L.;Dorsey, E. Ray;Driscoll, Tim;Edmond, Karen;Ali, Suad Eltahir;Engell, Rebecca E.;Erwin, Patricia J.;Fahimi, Saman;Falder, Gail;Farzadfar, Farshad;Ferrari, Alize;Finucane, Mariel M.;Flaxman, Seth;Fowkes, Francis Gerry R.;Freedman, Greg;Freeman, Michael K.;Gakidou, Emmanuela;Ghosh, Santu;Giovannucci, Edward;Gmel, Gerhard;Graham, Kathryn;Grainger, Rebecca;Grant, Bridget;Gunnell, David;Gutierrez, Hialy R.;Hall, Wayne;Hoek, Hans W.;Hogan, Anthony;Hosgood, H. Dean, III;Hoy, Damian;Hu, Howard;Hubbell, Bryan J.;Hutchings, Sally J.;Ibeanusi, Sydney E.;Jacklyn, Gemma L.;Jasrasaria, Rashmi;Jonas, Jost B.;Kan, Haidong;Kanis, John A.;Kassebaum, Nicholas;Kawakami, Norito;Khang, Young-Ho;Khatibzadeh, Shahab;Khoo, Jon-Paul;Kok, Cindy;Laden, Francine;Lalloo, Ratilal;Lan, Qing;Lathlean, Tim;Leasher, Janet L.;Leigh, James;Li, Yang;Lin, John Kent;Lipshultz, Steven E.;London, Stephanie;Lozano, Rafael;Lu, Yuan;Mak, Joelle;Malekzadeh, Reza;Mallinger, Leslie;Marcenes, Wagner;March, Lyn;Marks, Robin;Martin, Randall;McGale, Paul;McGrath, John;Mehta, Sumi;Mensah, George A.;Merriman, Tony R.;Micha, Renata;Michaud, Catherine;Mishra, Vinod;Hanafiah, Khayriyyah Mohd;Mokdad, Ali A.;Morawska, Lidia;Mozaffarian, Dariush;Murphy, Tasha;Naghavi, Mohsen;Neal, Bruce;Nelson, Paul K.;Miquel Nolla, Joan;Norman, Rosana;Olives, Casey;Omer, Saad B.;Orchard, Jessica;Osborne, Richard;Ostro, Bart;Page, Andrew;Pandey, Kiran D.;Parry, Charles D. H.;Passmore, Erin;Patra, Jayadeep;Pearce, Neil;Pelizzari, Pamela M.;Petzold, Max;Phillips, Michael R.;Pope, Dan;Pope, C. Arden, III;Powles, John;Rao, Mayuree;Razavi, Homie;Rehfuess, Eva A.;Rehm, Juergen T.;Ritz, Beate;Rivara, Frederick P.;Roberts, Thomas;Robinson, Carolyn;Rodriguez-Portales, Jose A.;Romieu, Isabelle;Room, Robin;Rosenfeld, Lisa C.;Roy, Ananya;Rushton, Lesley;Salomon, Joshua A.;Sampson, Uchechukwu;Sanchez-Riera, Lidia;Sanman, Ella;Sapkota, Amir;Seedat, Soraya;Shi, Peilin;Shield, Kevin;Shivakoti, Rupak;Singh, Gitanjali M.;Sleet, David A.;Smith, Emma;Smith, Kirk R.;Stapelberg, Nicolas J. C.;Steenland, Kyle;Stoeckl, Heidi;Stovner, Lars Jacob;Straif, Kurt;Straney, Lahn;Thurston, George D.;Tran, Jimmy H.;Van Dingenen, Rita;van Donkelaar, Aaron;Veerman, J. Lennert;Vijayakumar, Lakshmi;Weintraub, Robert;Weissman, Myrna M.;White, Richard A.;Whiteford, Harvey;Wiersma, Steven T.;Wilkinson, James D.;Williams, Hywel C.;Williams, Warwick;Wilson, Nicholas;Woolf, Anthony D.;Yip, Paul;Zielinski, Jan M.;Lopez, Alan D.;Murray, Christopher J. L.;Ezzati, Majid
通讯作者：
Ezzati, Majid
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Jones LL;Hashim A;McKeever T;Cook DG;Britton J;Leonardi-Bee J
通讯作者：
Leonardi-Bee J
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Pirkle JL;Bernert JT;Caudill SP;Sosnoff CS;Pechacek TF
通讯作者：
Pechacek TF
影响因子：
5
作者：
Chakrabarti, B;Fine, PM;Sioutas, C
通讯作者：
Sioutas, C