Post-Anthesis Dry Matter and Nitrogen Dynamics in Durum Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Temperature during Grain Filling
Post-Anthesis Dry Matter and Nitrogen Dynamics in Durum Wheat as Affected by Nitrogen and Temperature during Grain Filling
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DOI：
10.1556/crc.38.2010.2.16
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Masoni, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ercoli, L.;Arduini, I.;Masoni, A.
硬粒小麦（Triticum turgidum L.）变种durum Desf.）通常生长在地中海的条件下，在那里，灌浆期间的温度胁迫会限制生产力。本研究旨在评估灌浆期温度对两个意大利硬粒小麦品种（Appio和Creso）干物质和氮素动态的影响。该实验比较了两种不同的温度方案，一种在意大利中部谷物灌浆期间发生的正常范围内，另一种在意大利南部地区发生的正常范围内（分别为20/15摄氏度和28/23摄氏度白天/夜晚）。植物在室外的盆中生长直到开花，然后置于生长室中。结果表明，施氮量和花后温度影响硬粒小麦的生长、干物质和氮素的积累与分配，进而影响籽粒产量和氮素含量。籽粒产量在20/15 ℃下表现得更好，而籽粒蛋白质浓度在28/23 ℃温度制度下更有利。高温促进了干物质的运转，抑制了光合作用，但降低了籽粒产量，说明光合作用的损失并不能弥补物质运转的增加所带来的收益。相反，在较高的温度下，促进籽粒N含量，高温降低N的再动员，但不抑制根系水分和氮的吸收，鉴于没有缺水发生。
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) is commonly grown in Mediterranean conditions, where temperature stress during grain filling can limit productivity. This research was performed to evaluate the effect of temperature during grain filling on dry matter and nitrogen dynamics in two Italian durum wheat varieties, Appio and Creso, grown with different nitrogen availabilities. The experiment compared two different temperature regimens, one within the normal range occurring during grain filling in Central Italy, the other within the normal range occurring in the southern regions of Italy (20/15 degrees C and 28/23 degrees C day/night, respectively). Plants were grown in pots outdoor until anthesis and afterward were placed in growth chambers. Results showed that nitrogen fertilization and post-anthesis temperature affected growth, accumulation and partitioning of dry matter and N in durum wheat which, in turn, modified grain yield and N content. Grain yield was better expressed at 20/15 degrees C, while grain protein concentration was favoured under the 28/23 degrees C temperature regime. Higher temperature promoted remobilization of dry matter and restrained current photosynthesis, but reduced grain yield, indicating that the loss of photosynthesis could not compensate for the gain from increased remobilization. Grain N content, on the contrary, was promoted under the higher temperature regime, as high temperature reduced N remobilization but did not inhibit root water and nitrogen uptake, given that no water shortage occur.