Sea Slug Kleptoplasty and Plastid Maintenance in a Metazoan
Sea Slug Kleptoplasty and Plastid Maintenance in a Metazoan
复制标题
DOI：
10.1104/pp.111.174078
复制
发表时间：
2011-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Rumpho, Mary E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pelletreau, Karen N.;Bhattacharya, Debashish;Rumpho, Mary E.
特伦奇（1969年）是第一个描述囊舌软体动物Elysia chlorotica和它的藻类猎物（Vaucheria litorea）之间的盗塑（即“被盗质体”）关系的人。与E. chlorotica，它只保留了在密集的消化组织中的叶绿体（图1），水生无脊椎动物（如珊瑚，蛤，蠕虫，被囊动物）和最近报道的斑点蝾螈（Ambystoma maculatum; R. Kerney，由Petherick报道，2010）将它们的光合能力归功于保留完整的单细胞藻类（关于综述，参见Rumpho等人，2011年）。光合糖胶在保留质体和维持其功能的能力方面各不相同。尽管这些动物中的一些在质体降解之前仅能利用转移的光合产物数小时，但其他动物维持质体功能数月（综述参见Rumpho等人，2006，2011; Händeler等人，2009; Yamamoto等人，2009年）。E.在实验室中，在没有藻类食物的情况下，绿球藻表现出质体维持的最长时间范围之一，长达10至12个月（综述参见Rumpho等人，2011年）。关于这个系统要问的明显问题是，在没有藻核的情况下，质体如何保持光合作用活性，而藻核可能需要为参与光合作用、信号传导、调节和蛋白质周转的质体靶向蛋白质提供转录本。本次更新将比较和对比过去用于了解质体维持和功能的基础的方法与最近使用下一代测序的工作，以调和观察到的数据中似乎矛盾的结果。
Trench (1969) was the first to characterize the kleptoplastic (ie “stolen plastid”) relationship between the sacoglossan mollusc Elysia chlorotica and its algal prey (Vaucheria litorea). In contrast to E. chlorotica, which retains only the plastids of the alga in densely packed digestive tissue (Fig. 1), aquatic invertebrates (eg corals, clams, worms, tunicates) and the recently reported spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum; work of R. Kerney, reported by Petherick, 2010) owe their photosynthetic capacity to the retention of intact unicellular algae (for review, see Rumpho et al., 2011). Photosynthetic sacoglossans vary in the ability to retain plastids and to maintain their functions. Whereas some of these animals can only utilize transferred photosynthate for several hours before the plastids are degraded, others sustain plastid function for months (for review, see Rumpho et al., 2006, 2011; Händeler et al., 2009; Yamamoto et al., 2009). E. chlorotica exhibits one of the longest time frames for plastid maintenance in the absence of algal food, up to 10 to 12 months in the laboratory (for review, see Rumpho et al., 2011). The obvious question to be asked about this system is how the plastids remain photosynthetically active in the absence of algal nuclei that are presumably required to furnish transcripts for plastid-targeted proteins involved in photosynthesis, signaling, regulation, and protein turnover. This update will compare and contrast past approaches used to understand the basis of plastid maintenance and function with recent work using next-generation sequencing to reconcile what appear to be contradictory outcomes in the observed data.