Measuring social vulnerability to natural hazards in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China
Measuring social vulnerability to natural hazards in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China
复制标题
中国京津冀地区自然灾害社会脆弱性测算
DOI：
10.1007/s11769-015-0769-7
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Zhang Pingyu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang Jianyi;Su Fei;Zhang Pingyu
本研究报告中的社会脆弱性是指在一个地方内和不同地方之间应付自然灾害和灾害损失的能力之间的差异。社会脆弱性评估被认为是了解自然灾害风险和加强有效应对能力的关键步骤。本文对京津冀地区的社会脆弱性进行了初步研究。目的是复制和测试美国社会脆弱性指数（SoVI）方法在中国文化背景下的适用性。39个变量改编自SoVI收集有关两个方面：社会经济脆弱性和建筑环境脆弱性。运用因子分析法，从变量集中提取出7个因子：社会发展结构、经济水平和政府财政实力、社会公正和贫困、家庭结构、空间开发强度、居民住房和交通状况、建筑结构。将因素得分相加以获得最终SoVI得分，并确定和绘制最脆弱和最不脆弱的单位。最高的社会脆弱性集中在研究区的西北部。社会最不脆弱地区主要分布在北京、天津、石家庄核心城市外围和地级市的中心城市地区。结果表明，这种方法是一个有用的工具，揭示具有高度的脆弱性，换句话说，在应对大规模事件的地区，更有可能面临重大挑战的地方。研究结果可为我国防灾减灾政策的制定和实施提供科学依据。
Social vulnerability in this study represents the differences between the capacity to cope with natural hazards and disaster losses suffered within and between places. The assessment of social vulnerability has been recognized as a critical step in understanding natural hazard risks and enhancing effective response capabilities. This article presents an initial study of the social vulnerability of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (B-T-H) Region in China. The goal is to replicate and test the applicability of the United States Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) method in a Chinese cultural context. Thirty-nine variables adapted from the SoVI were collected in relation to two aspects: socioeconomic vulnerability and built environment vulnerability. Using factor analysis, seven factors were extracted from the variable set: the structure of social development, the level of economic and government financial strength, social justice and poverty, family structure, the intensity of space development, the status of residential housing and transportation, and building structure. Factor scores were summed to get the final SoVI scores and the most and least vulnerable units were identified and mapped. The highest social vulnerability is concentrated in the northwest of the study area. The least socially vulnerable areas are mainly distributed in the Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang core urban peripheral and central city areas of the prefecture-level cities. The results show that this method is a useful tool for revealing places that have a high level of vulnerability, in other words, areas which are more likely to face significant challenges in coping with a large-scale event. These findings could provide a scientific basis for policy making and the implementation of disaster prevention and mitigation in China.