Still a trustworthy ally? Civil society and the transformation of Scandinavian democracy
Still a trustworthy ally? Civil society and the transformation of Scandinavian democracy
复制标题
仍然是值得信赖的盟友吗？
DOI：
10.1080/17448680600730884
复制
发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Erik Amnå
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Erik Amnå
摘要斯堪的纳维亚民主的相对实力被认为取决于它与广泛的、以会员制为基础的社团生活的密切联系，这种生活培养了与积极、平等的公民和谐相处的方向和行为。然而，在20世纪末，丹麦、挪威和瑞典政府的审计同时显示，一体化的斯堪的纳维亚民主模式似乎不仅出现分歧，而且受到个人化、种族隔离和全球化的威胁。通过对各种研究结果的批判性考察，本文认为，斯堪的纳维亚市民社会在某些方面正在经历着严重的变革，这可能解释了斯堪的纳维亚民主的更普遍倾向。民间社会的变化不仅是内部的，例如从成员向志愿者的转变。此外，在外部，正在发生重大变化，部分原因是治理结构和失控的政党，导致一些公民行为者从政治制度的投入方转移到输出方；其他人正在通过说一种全球人权语言来塑造其关键作用。尽管斯堪的纳维亚公民社会变得更加多样化，但它无疑仍植根于斯堪的纳维亚民主之中。然而，它作为一体化民主的值得信赖的盟友的角色不应再被视为理所当然。
Abstract The comparative strength of Scandinavian democracy is perceived to depend on its close connection with a widespread and membership-based associational life that cultivates orientations and behaviour in harmony with an active, egalitarian citizenship. However, at the end of the twentieth century, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish governmental audits simultaneously revealed that the integrated Scandinavian model of democracy appeared not only to be diverging but threatened by individualization, segregation, and globalization. By a critical examination of various research findings, this article argues that Scandinavian civil society in certain respects is undergoing severe transformations that may explain more general tendencies of Scandinavian democracy. The changes of the civil society are not only internal, such as a shift from members to volunteers. Also externally, substantial changes are taking place, these partly due to governance structures and runaway parties, and causing some civic actors to move from the input side to the output side of the political system; others are shaping their critical role by speaking a global human rights language. Even though Scandinavian civil society has become more diverse, it is still undoubtedly embedded in Scandinavian democracy. However, its role as a trustworthy ally of an integrated democracy should no longer be taken for granted.