EVERYDAY PROBLEM-SOLVING IN OLDER ADULTS - OBSERVATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND COGNITIVE CORRELATES
EVERYDAY PROBLEM-SOLVING IN OLDER ADULTS - OBSERVATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND COGNITIVE CORRELATES
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.10.3.478
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发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
SCHAIE, KW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DIEHL, M;WILLIS, SL;SCHAIE, KW
老年人解决日常生活中3个领域实际问题的能力采用一种新的日常问题解决方法--观察日常生活任务（OPDL）进行评估。研究结果表明，OTDL形成内部一致的规模代表3个不同的因素的日常问题解决。此外，OTDL显示收敛效度与纸笔测试的相关规模。老年人在OTDL上的表现与他们在基本心理能力测量中的得分显著相关。通径分析表明，年龄直接和间接地通过认知能力影响老年人在ODL上的表现。受试者的教育和健康状况通过认知能力间接影响他们的日常能力。知觉速度和记忆广度的影响是由流体智力和结晶智力介导的。
Older adults' ability to solve practical problems in 3 domains of daily living was assessed using a new measure of everyday problem solving, the Observed Tasks of Daily Living (OTDL). Findings showed that the OTDL formed internally consistent scales representing 3 distinct factors of everyday problem solving. Moreover, the OTDL showed convergent validity with related scales of a paper-and-pencil test. Older adults' performance on the OTDL was significantly correlated with their scores on measures of basic mental abilities. Path analysis showed that age affected older adults' performance on the OTDL directly and indirectly via cognitive abilities. Participants' education and health affected their everyday competence indirectly through cognitive abilities. The effects of perceptual speed and memory span were mediated by fluid and crystallized intelligence.