Shaping epigenetic memory via genomic bookmarking

Shaping epigenetic memory via genomic bookmarking
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通过基因组书签塑造表观遗传记忆

DOI:
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
bioRxiv
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
D. Marenduzzo
D. Marenduzzo
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
D. Michieletto;M. Chiang;Davide Colì;A. Papantonis;E. Orlandini;P. Cook;D. Marenduzzo

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将表观遗传模式的稳定性与组蛋白修饰的快速更替及其对外部刺激的适应性协调起来是一个突出的挑战。在这里,我们提出了一种新的生物物理机制,可以通过基因组书签(GBM)来建立和维护健壮但可塑的表观遗传域。我们将染色质建模为一种可重复使用的聚合物,其片段带有非永久性的组蛋白标记(或颜色),可被“编写器”蛋白质修饰。染色质的三维组织是由蛋白质桥或“阅读器”介导的,如多梳抑制复合体和转录因子。读取器和写入器之间的耦合驱动生化标记的传播,并在复制和有丝分裂过程中维持局部染色质状态的记忆。相反,以GBM为靶点的干扰会破坏表观遗传模式的稳定。引人注目的是,我们证明了仅GBM就可以解释多梳标记在整个果蝇染色体中的全部分布。最后,我们建议,我们的模型为理解细胞分化和重新编程的生物物理学提供了一个起点。
Reconciling the stability of epigenetic patterns with the rapid turnover of histone modifications and their adaptability to external stimuli is an outstanding challenge. Here, we propose a new biophysical mechanism that can establish and maintain robust yet plastic epigenetic domains via genomic bookmarking (GBM). We model chromatin as a recolourable polymer whose segments bear non-permanent histone marks (or colours) which can be modified by “writer” proteins. The three-dimensional chromatin organisation is mediated by protein bridges, or “readers”, such as Polycomb Repressive Complexes and Transcription Factors. The coupling between readers and writers drives spreading of biochemical marks and sustains the memory of local chromatin states across replication and mitosis. In contrast, GBM-targeted perturbations destabilise the epigenetic patterns. Strikingly, we demonstrate that GBM alone can explain the full distribution of Polycomb marks in a whole Drosophila chromosome. We finally suggest that our model provides a starting point for an understanding of the biophysics of cellular differentiation and reprogramming.
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