Molecular self-assembly of peptide nanostructures: mechanism of association and potential uses
Molecular self-assembly of peptide nanostructures: mechanism of association and potential uses
复制标题
DOI：
10.2174/157341306776875802
复制
发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Gazit, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reches, M;Gazit, E
分子自组装为新型超分子结构和先进材料的制造提供了独特的方向。开发此类结构的灵感通常源自生物学中的自组装模块，因为自然系统从氨基酸、核酸和脂质等简单构件形成复杂的结构。基于肽的纳米结构表明了生产有序纳米结构的重要途径，因为一些研究已经证明它们能够形成组织良好的组装体。这包括用 D- 和 L- 氨基酸交替设计的环肽、两亲肽、肽缀合物和离子自互补肽。多肽对纳米级物体自然发生的自组装过程是淀粉样原纤维的形成。这些 7-10 nm 的原纤维组件已用于形成导电纳米线。短肽已被用作模型系统来研究导致淀粉样原纤维形成的分子机制。基于对短淀粉样蛋白形成片段的分析，我们小组和其他人最近提出，在一些情况下，芳香族相互作用可能在淀粉样蛋白原纤维形成过程中发挥重要作用。这一假设导致人们发现，阿尔茨海默病β-淀粉样蛋白多肽的核心识别基序二苯丙氨酸元素具有自组装成一类新型肽纳米管所需的所有分子信息。高度相似的类似物和最简单的芳香二肽二苯基甘氨酸形成球形纳米组件。设计的纳米结构和肽片段纳米结构都被认为在分子电子学、组织工程和材料科学等各个领域都有许多应用。
Molecular self-assembly offers unique directions for the fabrication of novel supramolecular structures and advanced materials. The inspiration for the development of such structures is often derived from self-assembling modules in biology, as natural systems form complex structures from simple building blocks such as amino acids, nucleic acids and lipids. Peptide-based nanostructures indicate an important route toward the production of ordered nanostructures as several studies had demonstrated their ability to form well organized assemblies. This includes cyclic peptides designed with alternating D- and L-amino acids, amphiphile peptides, peptide-conjugates and ionic self-complementary peptides. A naturally occurring self-assembly process of nano scale objects by polypeptides is that of amyloid fibril formation. These 7-10 nm fibrillar assemblies were already used for the formation of conductive nanowires. Short peptides have been used as model systems to study the molecular mechanism that leads to amyloid fibril formation. Based on the analysis of short amyloid fort-ning fragments, it was recently suggested by our group and others that aromatic interactions may play a significant role in the process of amyloid fibrils formation in several cases. This hypothesis led to the discovery that the core recognition motif of the Alzheimer's beta-amyloid polypeptide, the diphenylalanine element, has all the molecular information needed to self assemble into a novel class of peptide nanotubes. A highly similar analog and the simplest aromatic dipeptide, the diphenylglycine, forms spherical nanometric assemblies. Both designed and peptide fragment nanostructures were suggested to have many applications in various fields including molecular electronics, tissue engineering, and material science.