Rural Off-Farm Employment and Farm Investment: An Analytical Framework and Evidence from Zimbabwe
Rural Off-Farm Employment and Farm Investment: An Analytical Framework and Evidence from Zimbabwe
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
Cornilius Chikwama
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作者：
Cornilius Chikwama
这项研究考察了一种广泛存在的观点，即农村非农业收入，特别是从农村工资就业中赚取的收入，可能有助于家庭在进行农业投资时克服信贷限制。这项研究的分析结果表明，农村工资就业收入只有在能够以正利率储蓄并且家庭面临高失业率，即他们有闲置劳动力的情况下，才能帮助增加农业投资。当家庭中没有失业或失业率非常低时，增加农村带薪就业实际上将导致“去农业化”。尽管这项研究从津巴布韦3个重新安置计划的359户家庭的3年面板数据中找到了高失业率的证据，但它没有发现任何证据表明现有的农村工资机会有助于提高家庭的农业投资。这归因于农村工资性收入储蓄率与零相差不大。
This study examines the widely held view that rural off-farm income, in particular that earned from rural wage employment, may assist households in overcoming credit constraints when making farm investments. The analytical results of the study show that rural wage employment income can only assist in raising farm investment if it can be saved at positive rates and households face high-unemployment, i.e., they have idle labour. When there is no unemployment in the household or when unemployment is very low, increased availability of rural wage employment will in fact lead to "de-agrarianisation". Although the study finds evidence for high-unemployment from a 3-year panel data set of 359 households in 3 Resettlement Schemes in Zimbabwe, it finds no evidence that existing rural wage opportunities contribute towards raising households' farm investment. This is attributed to the fact that the savings rate for rural wage income is not significantly different from zero.