Altered neural substrates of cognitive control in childhood ADHD: Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging
Altered neural substrates of cognitive control in childhood ADHD: Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.162.9.1605
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Zalecki, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vaidya, CJ;Bunge, SA;Zalecki, CA
目的：该研究比较了患有和未患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的两种认知控制操作（干扰抑制和反应抑制）的神经基础。方法：10 名合并型 ADHD 儿童（7-11 岁）和 10 名年龄和性别匹配的对照受试者在执行改良侧翼任务时接受快速事件相关功能磁共振成像（fMRI）。通过组平均和基于表现的相关分析生成功能图。结果：多动症受试者的干扰抑制的特点是减少了有助于健康表现的额叶-纹状体-颞叶-顶叶网络的参与。相比之下，反应抑制表现依赖于两组的不同区域，对照组为额叶-纹状体，但 ADHD 儿童为右上颞叶。结论：儿童 ADHD 中两种认知控制操作的神经基础的改变的特点是不同的而不是单一的功能异常模式。干扰抑制激活的神经网络组间重叠大于反应抑制激活的神经网络，这表明认知控制的组成部分对多动症的敏感性不同。 ADHD儿童尾状核无法激活是ADHD的核心异常。观察到的功能异常并不是由于长期接触兴奋剂造成的，因为大多数儿童从未接受过药物治疗。
Objective: The study compared the neural bases of two cognitive control operations, interference suppression and response inhibition, between children with and children without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD).Method: Ten children ( 7 - 11 years of age) with combined-type ADHD and 10 comparison subjects matched for age and gender underwent rapid event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI) during performance of a modified flanker task. Functional maps were generated through group averaging and performance-based correlational analyses.Results: Interference suppression in ADHD subjects was characterized by reduced engagement of a frontal-striatal-temporal-parietal network that subserved healthy performance. In contrast, response inhibition performance relied upon different regions in the two groups, frontal-striatal in comparison subjects but right superior temporal in ADHD children.Conclusions: Alteration in the neural basis of two cognitive control operations in childhood ADHD was characterized by distinct, rather than unitary, patterns of functional abnormality. Greater between-group overlap in the neural network activated for interference suppression than in response inhibition suggests that components of cognitive control are differentially sensitive to ADHD. The ADHD children's inability to activate the caudate nucleus constitutes a core abnormality in ADHD. Observed functional abnormalities did not result from prolonged stimulant exposure, since most children were medication naive.